Fast and accurate detection of action potentials from somatic calcium fluctuations.

Large-scale recording from a population of neurons is a promising strategy for approaching the study of complex brain functions. Taking advantage of the fact that action potentials reliably evoke transient calcium fluctuations in the cell body, functional multineuron calcium imaging (fMCI) monitors the suprathreshold activity of hundreds of neurons. However, a limitation of fMCI is its semi-manual procedure of spike extraction from somatic calcium fluctuations, which is not only time consuming but is also associated with human errors. Here we describe a novel automatic method that combines principal-component analysis and support vector machine. This simple algorithm determines the timings of the spikes in calcium fluorescence traces more rapidly and reliably than human operators.

[1]  R. Yuste,et al.  Attractor dynamics of network UP states in the neocortex , 2003, Nature.

[2]  Mitsuhiro Morita,et al.  Dual Regulation of Calcium Oscillation in Astrocytes by Growth Factors and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines via the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade , 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[3]  Sooyoung Chung,et al.  Functional imaging with cellular resolution reveals precise micro-architecture in visual cortex , 2005, Nature.

[4]  D. Tank,et al.  Imaging Large-Scale Neural Activity with Cellular Resolution in Awake, Mobile Mice , 2007, Neuron.

[5]  K. Svoboda,et al.  The Functional Microarchitecture of the Mouse Barrel Cortex , 2007, Neuroscience Research.

[6]  Sooyoung Chung,et al.  Highly ordered arrangement of single neurons in orientation pinwheels , 2006, Nature.

[7]  B. Herman,et al.  Measurement of intracellular calcium. , 1999, Physiological reviews.

[8]  Yuji Ikegaya,et al.  Synfire Chains and Cortical Songs: Temporal Modules of Cortical Activity , 2004, Science.

[9]  Rosa Cossart,et al.  A Parturition-Associated Nonsynaptic Coherent Activity Pattern in the Developing Hippocampus , 2007, Neuron.

[10]  F. Helmchen,et al.  Imaging cellular network dynamics in three dimensions using fast 3D laser scanning , 2007, Nature Methods.

[11]  Gilles Laurent,et al.  Estimating Firing Rates from Calcium Signals in Locust Projection Neurons in Vivo , 2007, Frontiers in neural circuits.

[12]  Johannes J. Letzkus,et al.  Requirement of dendritic calcium spikes for induction of spike‐timing‐dependent synaptic plasticity , 2006, The Journal of physiology.

[13]  B. Sakmann,et al.  Ca2+ buffering and action potential-evoked Ca2+ signaling in dendrites of pyramidal neurons. , 1996, Biophysical journal.

[14]  R. Yuste,et al.  Detecting action potentials in neuronal populations with calcium imaging. , 1999, Methods.

[15]  Rie Kimura,et al.  A low-cost method for brain slice cultures. , 2007, Journal of pharmacological sciences.

[16]  Masanori Murayama,et al.  Optical monitoring of progressive synchronization in dentate granule cells during population burst activities , 2005, The European journal of neuroscience.

[17]  C. Stosiek,et al.  In vivo two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal networks , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[18]  E. Yaksi,et al.  Reconstruction of firing rate changes across neuronal populations by temporally deconvolved Ca2+ imaging , 2006, Nature Methods.

[19]  Rie Kimura,et al.  Integrative spike dynamics of rat CA1 neurons: a multineuronal imaging study , 2006, The Journal of physiology.

[20]  H. Markram,et al.  Dendritic calcium transients evoked by single back‐propagating action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons. , 1995, The Journal of physiology.

[21]  E. Moses,et al.  Transport of Information along Unidimensional Layered Networks of Dissociated Hippocampal Neurons and Implications for Rate Coding , 2006, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[22]  Norio Matsuki,et al.  Watching neuronal circuit dynamics through functional multineuron calcium imaging (fMCI) , 2007, Neuroscience Research.

[23]  Norio Matsuki,et al.  Metastability of Active CA 3 Networks , 2007 .

[24]  Bernhard Schölkopf,et al.  A tutorial on support vector regression , 2004, Stat. Comput..

[25]  Brendon O. Watson,et al.  Internal Dynamics Determine the Cortical Response to Thalamic Stimulation , 2005, Neuron.

[26]  F. Engert,et al.  Reverse correlation of rapid calcium signals in the zebrafish optic tectum in vivo , 2006, Journal of Neuroscience Methods.

[27]  N. Matsuki,et al.  Metastability of Active CA3 Networks , 2007, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[28]  Yuji Ikegaya,et al.  Large-scale imaging of cortical network activity with calcium indicators , 2005, Neuroscience Research.

[29]  David S. Greenberg,et al.  Population imaging of ongoing neuronal activity in the visual cortex of awake rats , 2008, Nature Neuroscience.

[30]  D Thomas,et al.  A comparison of fluorescent Ca2+ indicator properties and their use in measuring elementary and global Ca2+ signals. , 2000, Cell calcium.

[31]  R. Yuste,et al.  Dynamics of Spontaneous Activity in Neocortical Slices , 2001, Neuron.

[32]  Marco Canepari,et al.  Imaging neuronal calcium fluorescence at high spatio-temporal resolution , 1999, Journal of Neuroscience Methods.

[33]  David S. Greenberg,et al.  Imaging input and output of neocortical networks in vivo. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[34]  B. Keller,et al.  Activity-related calcium dynamics in motoneurons of the nucleus hypoglossus from mouse. , 1999, Journal of neurophysiology.

[35]  David S. Greenberg,et al.  Spatial Organization of Neuronal Population Responses in Layer 2/3 of Rat Barrel Cortex , 2007, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[36]  T. Tsumoto,et al.  GABAergic Neurons Are Less Selective to Stimulus Orientation than Excitatory Neurons in Layer II/III of Visual Cortex, as Revealed by In Vivo Functional Ca2+ Imaging in Transgenic Mice , 2007, The Journal of Neuroscience.