Hamiltonian formulation of bond graphs

This paper deals with the mathematical formulation of bond graphs. It is proven that the power continuous part of bond graphs, the junction structure, can be associated with a Dirac structure and that the equations describing a bond graph model correspond to a port Hamiltonian system. The conditions for well-posedness of the modelled system are given, and representations suitable for numerical simulation are derived. The index of the representations is analyzed and sufficient conditions for computational eAEciency are given. The results are applied to some models arising in automotive applications