Degenerate point/curve and curve/curve bisectors arising in medial axis computations for planar domains with curved boundaries

Abstract The medial axis of a planar domain is the locus of points having at least two distinct closest points on the domain boundary. Segments of the medial axes of domains with curved boundaries fall into the two broad categories of point/curve bisectors and curve/curve bisectors. Certain “degenerate” forms of these bisectors, of a different intrinsic nature than the general instances and requiring appropriate algorithm modifications, arise generically in medial-axes computations. These include (i) point/curve bisectors where the point lies on the curve; (ii) curve/curve bisectors where the two curves are identical, i.e., the self-bisector of a curve; and (iii) curve/curve bisectors for distinct curves that share (with various orders of continuity) a common endpoint . We elucidate the geometrical nature of these special bisector forms, and develop algorithms (or algorithm modifications) for computing them. Together with existing algorithms for generic bisectors, they comprise a full complement of basic tools required in medial-axis computations.

[1]  Martin Held,et al.  On the Computational Geometry of Pocket Machining , 1991, Lecture Notes in Computer Science.

[2]  R. Farouki,et al.  The bisector of a point and a plane parametric curve , 1994, Comput. Aided Geom. Des..

[3]  Halit Nebi Gürsoy,et al.  Shape interrogation by medial axis transform for automated analysis , 1989 .

[4]  Chee-Keng Yap,et al.  AnO(n logn) algorithm for the voronoi diagram of a set of simple curve segments , 1987, Discret. Comput. Geom..

[5]  Deok-Soo Kim,et al.  Representing the Voronoi diagram of a simple polygon using rational quadratic Bézier curves , 1995, Comput. Aided Des..

[6]  D. Hilbert,et al.  Geometry and the Imagination , 1953 .

[7]  T. Sederberg,et al.  Comparison of three curve intersection algorithms , 1986 .

[8]  J. Brandt Convergence and continuity criteria for discrete approximations of the continuous planar skeleton , 1994 .

[9]  V. Ralph Algazi,et al.  Continuous skeleton computation by Voronoi diagram , 1991, CVGIP Image Underst..

[10]  D. T. Lee,et al.  Medial Axis Transformation of a Planar Shape , 1982, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[11]  Siavash N. Meshkat,et al.  Voronoi Diagram for Multiply-Connected Polygonal Domains II: Implementation and Application , 1987, IBM J. Res. Dev..

[12]  T. Tam,et al.  2D finite element mesh generation by medial axis subdivision , 1991 .

[13]  Peter Giblin,et al.  Local Symmetry of Plane Curves , 1985 .

[14]  H. Persson,et al.  NC machining of arbitrarily shaped pockets , 1978 .

[15]  W. E. Hartnett,et al.  Shape Recognition, Prairie Fires, Convex Deficiencies and Skeletons , 1968 .

[16]  Lee Michael Gross Transfinite surface interpolation over voronoi diagrams , 1995 .

[17]  R. Brubaker Models for the perception of speech and visual form: Weiant Wathen-Dunn, ed.: Cambridge, Mass., The M.I.T. Press, I–X, 470 pages , 1968 .

[18]  F. Bookstein The line-skeleton , 1979 .

[19]  Hwan Pyo Moon,et al.  MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF MEDIAL AXIS TRANSFORM , 1997 .

[20]  Vijay Srinivasan,et al.  Voronoi Diagram for Multiply-Connected Polygonal Domains I: Algorithm , 1987, IBM J. Res. Dev..

[21]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Medial axis representation and encoding of scanned documents , 1991, J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent..

[22]  Hyeong In Choi,et al.  New Algorithm for Medial Axis Transform of Plane Domain , 1997, CVGIP Graph. Model. Image Process..

[23]  Jin J. Chou Voronoi diagrams for planar shapes , 1995, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[24]  HARRY BLUM,et al.  Shape description using weighted symmetric axis features , 1978, Pattern Recognit..

[25]  Rida T. Farouki,et al.  Specified-Precision Computation of Curve/Curve Bisectors , 1998, Int. J. Comput. Geom. Appl..

[26]  Rida T. Farouki,et al.  Computing Point/Curve and Curve/Curve Bisectors , 1992, IMA Conference on the Mathematics of Surfaces.