The Role of the Phonological Loop in Sentence Comprehension

Dit proefschrift gaat over de rol van het werkgeheugen bij het begrijpen van zinnen. Dat werkgeheugen een rol speelt bij zinsbegrip is niet zo verwonderlijk. Woorden kunnen immers niet allemaal tegelijk gehoord of gelezen worden. Als iemand bij het eind van een zin niet meer weet wat het begin ervan was, wordt het begrip van zo’n zin een onmogelijke opgave. Daarom nemen veel onderzoekers aan dat (een of andere vorm van) werkgeheugen betrokken is bij het begijpen van zinnen. Alhoewel er brede consensus bestaat over die betrokkenheid, zijn veel onderzoekers het er niet over eens hoe zo’n werkgeheugensysteem nu precies in elkaar zit. In dit proefschrift wordt een model gepresenteerd van de werkgeheugensystemen die betrokken zijn bij zinsbegrip. In dat model staat met name de rol van de fonologische loop centraal. Dit is een component van Baddeley’s (1986) werkgeheugenmodel. Baddeley’s model bestaat uit een centraal controleapparaat, de central executive, en twee hulpsystemen, een voor opslag van visuele informatie, het visuospatial sketchpad, en een voor klanken, de fonologische loop. De fonologische loop zelf bestaat weer uit een klankgeheugendeel waarin spraak binnenkomt en uit een articulatorische herhaalmodule waarmee de akoestische sporen die in het klankgeheugendeel zijn opgeslagen, kunnen worden herhaald. Dit herhalen voorkomt dat de sporen vergeten worden. Het model dat gepresenteerd wordt in dit proefschrift is een aanpassing van het werkgeheugenmodel van Waters, Caplan & Hildebrandt (1987), dat ervan uitgaat dat zinsverwerking in twee stadia plaatsvindt.

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