Automatic SLA Matching and Provider Selection in Grid and Cloud Computing Markets

Cloud computing is a novel computing paradigm that offers data, software, and hardware services in a manner similar to traditional utilities such as water, electricity, and telephony. Usually, in Cloud and Grid computing, contracts between traders are established using Service Level Agreements (SLAs), which include objectives of service usage. However, due to the rapidly growing number of service offerings and the lack of a standard for their specification, manual service selection is a costly task, preventing the successful implementation of ubiquitous computing on demand. In order to counteract these issues, automatic methods for matching SLAs are necessary. In this paper, we introduce a method for finding semantically equal SLA elements from differing SLAs by utilizing several machine learning algorithms. Moreover, we utilize this method to enable automatic selection of optimal service offerings for Cloud and Grid users. Finally, we introduce a framework for automatic SLA management, present a simulation-based evaluation, and demonstrate several significant benefits of our approach for Cloud and Grid users.

[1]  Omar Abou Khaled,et al.  Automating XML document Transformations: A conceptual modelling based approach , 2004, APCCM.

[2]  Dekang Lin,et al.  An Information-Theoretic Definition of Similarity , 1998, ICML.

[3]  William W. Cohen,et al.  A Comparison of String Metrics for Matching Names and Records , 2003 .

[4]  Andreas Thor,et al.  Evaluation of entity resolution approaches on real-world match problems , 2010, Proc. VLDB Endow..

[5]  Ahmed K. Elmagarmid,et al.  Duplicate Record Detection: A Survey , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering.

[6]  Mark S. Fox,et al.  Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet , 2006 .

[7]  Rizos Sakellariou,et al.  Simulating Autonomic SLA Enactment in Clouds Using Case Based Reasoning , 2010, ServiceWave.

[8]  Raymond J. Mooney,et al.  Adaptive duplicate detection using learnable string similarity measures , 2003, KDD '03.

[9]  Hidekazu Tsuji,et al.  A Survey and Analysis on Semantics in QoS for Web Services , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications.

[10]  Heiko Ludwig,et al.  Web Service Level Agreement (WSLA) Language Specification , 2003 .

[11]  Schahram Dustdar,et al.  Cost-Efficient Utilization of Public SLA Templates in Autonomic Cloud Markets , 2011, 2011 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing.

[12]  Sanjay Chaudhary,et al.  Service composition using service selection with WS-agreement , 2009, COMPUTE '09.

[13]  Jörn Altmann,et al.  Towards Autonomic Market Management in Cloud Computing Infrastructures , 2011, CLOSER.

[14]  Randy H. Katz,et al.  Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing , 2009 .

[15]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Semantic WS-agreement partner selection , 2006, WWW '06.

[16]  Ioannis Kotsiopoulos,et al.  Flexible SLA Negotiation Using Semantic Annotations , 2009, ICSOC/ServiceWave Workshops.

[17]  Asit Dan,et al.  Web services agreement specification (ws-agreement) , 2004 .

[18]  Sudha Ram,et al.  Entity identification for heterogeneous database integration--a multiple classifier system approach and empirical evaluation , 2005, Inf. Syst..

[19]  Schahram Dustdar,et al.  Service mediation and negotiation bootstrapping as first achievements towards self-adaptable grid and cloud services , 2009, GMAC '09.

[20]  Fausto Giunchiglia,et al.  Semantic Matching: Algorithms and Implementation , 2007, J. Data Semant..

[21]  Christian Haas,et al.  Towards Self-Awareness in Cloud Markets: A Monitoring Methodology , 2011, 2011 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing.

[22]  Pedro M. Domingos,et al.  Learning to match ontologies on the Semantic Web , 2003, The VLDB Journal.

[23]  Jörn Altmann,et al.  Cost-benefit analysis of an SLA mapping approach for defining standardized Cloud computing goods , 2012, Future Gener. Comput. Syst..

[24]  Les Green Service level agreements: an ontological approach , 2006, ICEC '06.

[25]  R. Buyya,et al.  Advanced QoS methods for Grid workflows based on meta-negotiations and SLA-mappings , 2008, 2008 Third Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-Scale Science.

[26]  Dimitris Plexousakis,et al.  Requirements for QoS-based Web Service Description and Discovery , 2007, 31st Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC 2007).

[27]  Rajkumar Buyya,et al.  Article in Press Future Generation Computer Systems ( ) – Future Generation Computer Systems Cloud Computing and Emerging It Platforms: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering Computing as the 5th Utility , 2022 .

[28]  Fausto Giunchiglia,et al.  Semantic Matching: Algorithms and Implementation , 2007, J. Data Semant..

[29]  Jörn Altmann,et al.  Using SLA Mapping to Increase Market Liquidity , 2009, ICSOC/ServiceWave Workshops.

[30]  Alfonso Sánchez-Macián,et al.  Towards Unified QoS/SLA Ontologies , 2006, 2006 IEEE Services Computing Workshops.

[31]  Mohamed Jmaiel,et al.  Implementing and Testing a Semantic-Driven Approach Towards a Better Comprehension Between Service Consumers and Providers , 2010, 2010 IEEE 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops.

[32]  Pradeep Ravikumar,et al.  Adaptive Name Matching in Information Integration , 2003, IEEE Intell. Syst..

[33]  Peter Christen,et al.  Automatic record linkage using seeded nearest neighbour and support vector machine classification , 2008, KDD.