Optically Interrogated Unique Object with Simulation Attack Prevention

A Unique Object (UNO) is a physical object with unique characteristics that can be measured externally. The usually analogue measurement can be converted into a digital representation - a fingerprint - which uniquely identifies the object. For practical applications it is necessary that measurements can be performed without the need of specialist equipment or complex measurement setup. Furthermore, a UNO should be able to defeat simulation attacks; an attacker may replace the UNO with a device or system that produces the expected measurement. Recently a novel type of UNOs based on Quantum Dots (QDs) and exhibiting unique photo-luminescence properties has been proposed. The uniqueness of these UNOs is based on quantum effects that can be interrogated using a light source and a camera. The so called Quantum Confinement UNO (QCUNO) responds uniquely to different light excitation levels which is exploited for simulation attack protection, as opposed to focusing on features too small to reproduce and therefore difficult to measure. In this paper we describe methods for extraction of fingerprints from the QCUNO. We evaluate our proposed methods using 46 UNOs in a controlled setup. Focus of the evaluation are entropy, error resilience and the ability to detect simulation attacks.

[1]  Marisol Koslowski,et al.  Rate-limited plastic deformation in nanocrystalline Ni , 2015 .

[2]  Wook Park,et al.  Biomimetic Microfingerprints for Anti‐Counterfeiting Strategies , 2015, Advanced materials.

[3]  Volker Jetter,et al.  Using unique surface patterns of injection moulded plastic components as an image based Physical Unclonable Function for secure component identification , 2018, Scientific Reports.

[4]  Srinivas Devadas,et al.  Security Based on Physical Unclonability and Disorder , 2012 .

[5]  Ulrike Woggon,et al.  Two Photon Absorption in II-VI Semiconductors: The Influence of Dimensionality and Size. , 2015, Nano letters.

[6]  Stephen A. Benton,et al.  Physical one-way functions , 2001 .

[7]  Davood Shahrjerdi,et al.  Optical identification using imperfections in 2D materials , 2017, 1706.07949.

[8]  Lynn Clark Callister,et al.  Substandard and Falsified Medical Products: A Global Issue Affecting the Health of Women and Children. , 2019, MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing.

[9]  Berk Sunar,et al.  CDs Have Fingerprints Too , 2009, CHES.

[10]  Xie Wei,et al.  Optical Nonlinear Properties of CdSeS/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots , 2008 .

[11]  Shuming Nie,et al.  Mapping the spatial distribution of charge carriers in quantum-confined heterostructures , 2014, Nature Communications.

[12]  Ulrich Rührmair,et al.  Optical PUFs Reloaded , 2013 .

[13]  Qiguang Yang,et al.  Colloidal chemical synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of cadmium chalcogenide semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots , 2003, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2003. CLEO '03..

[14]  Boris Skoric,et al.  Estimating the Secrecy-Rate of Physical Unclonable Functions with the Context-Tree Weighting Method , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[15]  Gabriele Lenzini,et al.  High-fidelity spherical cholesteric liquid crystal Bragg reflectors generating unclonable patterns for secure authentication , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[16]  S. Skrabalak,et al.  Plasmonic Nanoparticles as a Physically Unclonable Function for Responsive Anti‐Counterfeit Nanofingerprints , 2016 .

[17]  Boris Skoric.  On the entropy of keys derived from laser speckle; statistical properties of Gabor-transformed speckle , 2008 .

[18]  Xudong Yu,et al.  Anti-fake label and security identification system based on multiple luminescent quantum dots , 2008, 2008 2nd International Conference on Anti-counterfeiting, Security and Identification.

[19]  Guilan Zhang,et al.  Optical nonlinearity and optical limiting of CdSeS/ZnS quantum dots , 2009 .