New orchid and leaf‐cutter bee gynandromorphs, with an updated review (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

Two new cases of gynandromorphs in bees are described and figured: a mixed, nearly bilateral gynandromorph of the orchid bee Euglossa (Euglossa) tridentata Moure and a mixed gynandromorph of the megachilid bee Megachile (Chelostomoides) otomita Cresson. Records of gynandromorphic bees recently documented in the literature are also summarized. In less than a decade, more than 20 new cases were documented in 15 species and five genera previously unknown; as of today, gynandromorphs are recorded from 113 species in 29 genera of all bee families. Most gynandromorphs have been recorded from the long-tongued bee families Apidae and Megachilidae, but at the generic level, a significant percentage of species are from the megadiverse Megachile s.l. (23% of the total) and Andrena (14%) (Andrenidae). Although gynandromorphs are known from all major biogeographic regions of the world, most are recorded from the Holarctic region (79%) (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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