Extraversion and neuroticism as predictors of objective life events: a longitudinal analysis.

Data from a 4-year longitudinal study of young adults were used to examine the causal pathways between personality and life events. To reduce measurement artifacts, analyses were conducted using reports of more objective life events. It was found that extraversion predisposed participants to experience more positive objective life events, whereas neuroticism predisposed people to experience more negative objective events. In contrast, personality was somewhat stable. and life events were found not to have a prospective influence on it. Objective positive and negative life events covaried, suggesting that people who experience more of 1 type of event are also likely to experience more events of the opposite valence as well

[1]  Leslie J. Francis,et al.  The comparability of the short form EPQR with the EPQ among students in England, the U.S.A., Canada and Australia , 1991 .

[2]  M. B. Frisch,et al.  The role of neuroticism in relation to life stress and illness. , 1981, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[3]  A. Vinokur,et al.  Desirable versus undesirable life events: their relationship to stress and mental distress. , 1975, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[4]  G. Andrews A prospective study of life events and psychological symptoms , 1981, Psychological Medicine.

[5]  James H. Johnson,et al.  Assessing the impact of life changes: development of the Life Experiences Survey. , 1978, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[6]  Adrian Furnham,et al.  Personality and activity preference , 1981 .

[7]  Scott Henderson,et al.  Neurosis and the Social Environment , 1982 .

[8]  P. Costa,et al.  Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: happy and unhappy people. , 1980, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[9]  J. Gormly Behaviorism and the biological viewpoint of personality , 1982 .

[10]  A. Wearing,et al.  Modelling change in perceived quality of life (PQOL) , 1985 .

[11]  L J Horwood,et al.  Vulnerability to life events exposure , 1987, Psychological Medicine.

[12]  T. H. Holmes,et al.  The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. , 1967, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[13]  M. Zuckerman Sensation Seeking : Beyond the Optimal Level of Arousal , 1979 .

[14]  A. Furnham Psychoticism, social desirability and situation selection , 1982 .

[15]  J. George,et al.  Negative affectivity and the reporting of stressful life events. , 1990, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[16]  M. Snyder The influence of individuals on situations: Implications for understanding the links between personality and social behavior. , 1983, Journal of personality.

[17]  P. Costa,et al.  Influence of life event stress on physical illness: substantive effects or methodological flaws? , 1984, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[18]  R Plomin,et al.  Genotype-environment interaction and correlation in the analysis of human behavior. , 1977, Psychological bulletin.

[19]  L. Cohen,et al.  Locus of control and control perceptions and the relationship between life stress and psychological disorder , 1983, American journal of community psychology.

[20]  A. Stewart,et al.  Life stress, life-styles, depression, and illness in adult women. , 1981, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[21]  J Ormel,et al.  Stability and change in psychological distress and their relationship with self-esteem and locus of control: a dynamic equilibrium model. , 1991, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[22]  Lawrence A. Pervin,et al.  Performance and satisfaction as a function of individual-environment fit. , 1968 .

[23]  A. Caspi,et al.  When Do Individual Differences Matter? A Paradoxical Theory of Personality Coherence , 1993 .

[24]  B. Dohrenwend Events as stressors: a methodological inquiry. , 1973, Journal of health and social behavior.

[25]  R. Larsen,et al.  The experience of emotional well-being. , 1993 .

[26]  J. T. Webb,et al.  Relationships of the social readjustment rating scale to psychiatric patient status, anxiety and social desirability. , 1974, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[27]  L J Horwood,et al.  Life events and depression in women: a structural equation model , 1984, Psychological Medicine.

[28]  J Ormel,et al.  How neuroticism, long-term difficulties, and life situation change influence psychological distress: a longitudinal model. , 1991, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[29]  Ed Diener,et al.  Choice of situations and congruence models of interactionism , 1985 .

[30]  P. Costa,et al.  Normal Personality Assessment in Clinical Practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. , 1992 .

[31]  M. Snyder On the influence of individuals on situations , 1981 .

[32]  E. Diener,et al.  Subjective well-being. , 1984, Psychological bulletin.

[33]  Ed Diener,et al.  Influence of impulsivity and sociability on subjective well-being , 1986 .

[34]  L. Cohen,et al.  Life Events and Psychological Distress: A Prospective Study of Young Adolescents. , 1985 .

[35]  Ed Diener,et al.  Extraversion and subjective well-being in a U.S. national probability sample , 1992 .

[36]  Bruce Headey,et al.  Personality, life events, and subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model. , 1989 .

[37]  B. Dohrenwend,et al.  Stressful life events: Their nature and effects. , 1976 .

[38]  P. R. Pearson,et al.  Age norms for impulsiveness, venturesomeness and empathy in adults , 1985 .

[39]  C. Hammen,et al.  Life events and depression: the plot thickens. , 1992, American journal of community psychology.

[40]  S. Scarr,et al.  How people make their own environments: a theory of genotype greater than environment effects. , 1983, Child development.

[41]  R. Larsen,et al.  Person x situation interactions: choice of situations and congruence response models. , 1984, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[42]  K. Warner Schaie,et al.  Longitudinal studies of adult psychological development , 1983 .