Low-Temperature Solution-Grown CsPbBr3 Single Crystals and Their Characterization

Cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) was recently introduced as a potentially high performance thin-film halide perovskite (HaP) material for optoelectronics, including photovoltaics, significantly more stable than MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3+). Because of the importance of single crystals to study relevant material properties per se, crystals grown under conditions comparable to those used for preparing thin films, i.e., low-temperature solution-based growth, are needed. We show here two simple ways, antisolvent-vapor saturation or heating a solution containing retrograde soluble CsPbBr3, to grow single crystals of CsPbBr3 from a precursor solution, treated with acetonitrile (MeCN) or methanol (MeOH). The precursor solutions are stable for at least several months. Millimeter-sized crystals are grown without crystal-seeding and can provide a 100% yield of CsPbBr3 perovskite crystals, avoiding a CsBr-rich (or PbBr2-rich) composition, which is often present alongside the perovskite phase. Further growth is demonstrated t...

[1]  Daniel J. Clark,et al.  Polarization-selective three-photon absorption and subsequent photoluminescence in CsPbBr 3 single crystal at room temperature , 2016 .

[2]  H. Zeng,et al.  CsPbX3 Quantum Dots for Lighting and Displays: Room‐Temperature Synthesis, Photoluminescence Superiorities, Underlying Origins and White Light‐Emitting Diodes , 2016 .

[3]  Luis M. Pazos-Outón,et al.  Photon recycling in lead iodide perovskite solar cells , 2016, Science.

[4]  M. Képénekian,et al.  Quantum confinement and dielectric profiles of colloidal nanoplatelets of halide inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[5]  X. Tao,et al.  Formation of Hybrid Perovskite Tin Iodide Single Crystals by Top-Seeded Solution Growth. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[6]  Ursula Rothlisberger,et al.  Entropic stabilization of mixed A-cation ABX3 metal halide perovskites for high performance perovskite solar cells , 2016 .

[7]  Martin A. Green,et al.  Solar cell efficiency tables (version 47) , 2016 .

[8]  Abhishek Swarnkar,et al.  Colloidal CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals: Luminescence beyond Traditional Quantum Dots. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[9]  M. Saidaminov,et al.  Retrograde solubility of formamidinium and methylammonium lead halide perovskites enabling rapid single crystal growth. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[10]  David Cahen,et al.  Cesium Enhances Long-Term Stability of Lead Bromide Perovskite-Based Solar Cells. , 2015, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[11]  Liduo Wang,et al.  High-Performance Planar-Type Photodetector on (100) Facet of MAPbI3 Single Crystal , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[12]  H. Demir,et al.  Inorganic Halide Perovskites for Efficient Light-Emitting Diodes. , 2015, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[13]  P. Kamat,et al.  Understanding the Implication of Carrier Diffusion Length in Photovoltaic Cells. , 2015, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[14]  X. Ren,et al.  Two‐Inch‐Sized Perovskite CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) Crystals: Growth and Characterization , 2015, Advanced materials.

[15]  Sidney R. Cohen,et al.  Mechanical properties of APbX_3 (A = Cs or CH_3NH_3; X= I or Br) perovskite single crystals , 2015, 1508.04071.

[16]  Dong Shi,et al.  Two-Photon Absorption in Organometallic Bromide Perovskites. , 2015, ACS nano.

[17]  Alain Goriely,et al.  High-quality bulk hybrid perovskite single crystals within minutes by inverse temperature crystallization , 2015, Nature Communications.

[18]  David Cahen,et al.  How Important Is the Organic Part of Lead Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells? Efficient CsPbBr3 Cells. , 2015, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[19]  Henry J Snaith,et al.  Metal-halide perovskites for photovoltaic and light-emitting devices. , 2015, Nature nanotechnology.

[20]  E. Sargent,et al.  Low trap-state density and long carrier diffusion in organolead trihalide perovskite single crystals , 2015, Science.

[21]  Christopher H. Hendon,et al.  Nanocrystals of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, and I): Novel Optoelectronic Materials Showing Bright Emission with Wide Color Gamut , 2015, Nano letters.

[22]  David Cahen,et al.  Crystallization of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskites: implications for photovoltaic applications. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[23]  D. Kuciauskas,et al.  Simultaneous Measurement of Minority-Carrier Lifetime in Single-Crystal CdTe Using Three Transient Decay Techniques , 2014, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics.

[24]  Sandeep Kumar Pathak,et al.  High Photoluminescence Efficiency and Optically Pumped Lasing in Solution-Processed Mixed Halide Perovskite Semiconductors. , 2014, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[25]  David Cahen,et al.  Updated Assessment of Possibilities and Limits for Solar Cells , 2014, Advanced materials.

[26]  Zhifu Liu,et al.  Crystal Growth of the Perovskite Semiconductor CsPbBr3: A New Material for High-Energy Radiation Detection , 2013 .

[27]  I. Repins,et al.  Correlation Between Measured Minority-Carrier Lifetime and $\hbox{Cu}( \hbox{In}, \hbox{Ga})\hbox{Se}_{2}$ Device Performance , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[28]  X. Portier,et al.  Growth and characterization of pure and Pr3+-doped Cs4PbBr6 crystals , 2008 .

[29]  Y. Tamagawa,et al.  Scintillation characteristics of CsPbCl3 single crystals , 2008 .

[30]  Takashi Kondo,et al.  Comparative study on the excitons in lead-halide-based perovskite-type crystals CH3NH3PbBr3 CH3NH3PbI3 , 2003 .

[31]  J. Brozek,et al.  Phase transitions in ternary caesium lead bromide , 2003 .

[32]  M. Nikl,et al.  Spectroscopy of CsPbBr3 quantum dots in CsBr : Pb crystals , 2001 .

[33]  E. Mihóková,et al.  Photoluminescence of Cs4PbBr6 crystals and thin films , 1999 .

[34]  E. Kamieńska-Piotrowicz,et al.  Calorimetric study of the solvation of some ions in acetonitrile-dimethylsulfoxide mixtures , 1989 .

[35]  E. Fred Schubert,et al.  Light Emitting Diodes , 1987 .

[36]  J. Harada,et al.  Structural Phase Transitions in CsPbBr 3 , 1974 .

[37]  V. Massarotti,et al.  Binary Systems Formed by Lead Bromide with (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Tl)Br: a DTA and Diffractometric Study , 1971 .

[38]  C. K. Møller.  Crystal Structure and Photoconductivity of Cæsium Plumbohalides , 1958 .

[39]  M. Saidaminov,et al.  Single Crystals: Inverse Temperature Crystallization and Visible-Blind UV-Photodetector , 2015 .

[40]  Yang Liu,et al.  Bulk crystal growth of hybrid perovskite material CH3NH3PbI3 , 2015 .