Modeling and Analysis of a Microresonating Biosensor for Detection of Salmonella Bacteria in Human Blood

A new photonics biosensor configuration comprising a Double-side Ring Add-drop Filter microring resonator (DR-ADF) made from SiO2-TiO2 material is proposed for the detection of Salmonella bacteria (SB) in blood. The scattering matrix method using inductive calculation is used to determine the output signal's intensities in the blood with and without presence of Salmonella. The change in refractive index due to the reaction of Salmonella bacteria with its applied antibody on the flagellin layer loaded on the sensing and detecting microresonator causes the increase in through and dropper port's intensities of the output signal which leads to the detection of SB in blood. A shift in the output signal wavelength is observed with resolution of 0.01 nm. The change in intensity and shift in wavelength is analyzed with respect to the change in the refractive index which contributes toward achieving an ultra-high sensitivity of 95,500 nm/RIU which is almost two orders higher than that of reported from single ring sensors and the limit of detection is in the order of 1 × 10−8 RIU. In applications, such a system can be employed for a high sensitive and fast detection of bacteria.

[1]  V. Tuchin,et al.  The refractive index of human hemoglobin in the visible range , 2011, Physics in medicine and biology.

[2]  Jian-Jun He,et al.  Highly-sensitive silicon-on-insulator sensor based on two cascaded micro-ring resonators with vernier effect , 2011 .

[3]  Trevor M. Benson,et al.  Micro-optical resonators for microlasers and integrated optoelectronics: recent advances and future challenges , 2006, physics/0607239.

[4]  岡本 勝就.  Fundamentals of optical waveguides , 2006 .

[5]  P. Bienstman,et al.  Label-Free Biosensing With a Slot-Waveguide-Based Ring Resonator in Silicon on Insulator , 2009, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[6]  D. Gill,et al.  Optical sensing of biomolecules using microring resonators , 2006, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[7]  Patrick F. McDermott,et al.  High-Affinity Interaction between Gram-Negative Flagellin and a Cell Surface Polypeptide Results in Human Monocyte Activation , 2000, Infection and Immunity.

[8]  W. Bogaerts,et al.  Experimental characterization of a silicon photonic biosensor consisting of two cascaded ring resonators based on the Vernier-effect and introduction of a curve fitting method for an improved detection limit. , 2010, Optics express.

[9]  Akhlesh Lakhtakia,et al.  Optical Guided-wave Chemical and Biosensors II , 2009 .

[10]  R. Boyd,et al.  Distributed and localized feedback in microresonator sequences for linear and nonlinear optics , 2004 .

[11]  Robert Horvath,et al.  Optical anisotropy of flagellin layers: in situ and label-free measurement of adsorbed protein orientation using OWLS. , 2013, Analytical chemistry.

[12]  Ryan C Bailey,et al.  Nonlinear analyte concentration gradients for one-step kinetic analysis employing optical microring resonators. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[13]  Ian M. White,et al.  Refractometric sensors based on microsphere resonators , 2005 .

[14]  Frank K. Tittel,et al.  QEPAS for chemical analysis of multi-component gas mixtures , 2010 .

[15]  Joseph Zyss,et al.  Vertically coupled polymer microresonators for optofluidic label-free biosensors , 2012 .

[16]  John E. Heebner,et al.  Optical Microresonators: Theory, Fabrication, and Applications , 2007 .

[17]  Jalil Ali,et al.  Slow light generation using microring resonators for optical buffer application , 2012 .

[18]  Sonia Grego,et al.  Wavelength interrogation of optical waveguide biosensors in the input grating coupler configuration , 2009, OPTO.

[19]  Daoxin Dai,et al.  Highly sensitive digital optical sensor based on cascaded high-Q ring-resonators. , 2009, Optics express.

[20]  Nikolaos K. Uzunoglu,et al.  Photonic Microresonator Research and Applications , 2010 .

[21]  Laura M. Lechuga,et al.  Microfluidic-optical integrated CMOS compatible devices for label-free biochemical sensing , 2006 .

[22]  Peter Dubruel,et al.  Silicon-on-insulator microring resonators for photonic biosensing applications , 2013, 2013 15th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON).

[23]  Aurel Ymeti,et al.  Realization of a multichannel integrated Young interferometer chemical sensor. , 2003, Applied optics.

[24]  Jalil Ali,et al.  Optical vortices generated by a PANDA ring resonator for drug trapping and delivery applications , 2010, Biomedical optics express.

[25]  Kreangsak Tamee,et al.  Multicolor Solitons for Biosensors , 2013 .

[26]  S. Arnold,et al.  Whispering-gallery-mode biosensing: label-free detection down to single molecules , 2008, Nature Methods.

[27]  Francesco Prudenzano,et al.  Design of Er 3þ doped SiO 2 -TiO 2 planar waveguide amplifier , 2003 .

[28]  Dieter Braun,et al.  Protein detection by optical shift of a resonant microcavity , 2002 .

[29]  Katrin Schmitt,et al.  High-Refractive-Index Waveguide Platforms for Chemical and Biosensing , 2010 .

[30]  Paveen Apiratikul,et al.  Nonlinearities in porous silicon optical waveguides at 1550 nm. , 2009, Optics express.

[31]  A Densmore,et al.  Silicon photonic wire biosensor array for multiplexed real-time and label-free molecular detection. , 2009, Optics letters.

[32]  Ubong Anyi,et al.  Salmonella: a foodborne pathogen , 2011 .

[33]  Arnaud Mussot,et al.  Visible cw-pumped supercontinuum. , 2008, Optics letters.

[34]  D. Syvridis,et al.  Ultrafast all-optical AND logic operation based on four-wave mixing in a passive InGaAsP-InP microring resonator , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[35]  G. Agrawal.  Nonlinear fiber optics: its history and recent progress [Invited] , 2011 .

[36]  Jalil Ali,et al.  Graphical Approach for Nonlinear Optical Switching by PANDA Vernier Filter , 2013, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.