From Near-Surface to Root-Zone Soil Moisture Using Year-Round Data

Abstract Passive microwave remote sensing may provide quantitative information about the water content of a shallow near-surface soil layer. However, the variable of interest for applications such as short- and medium-term meteorological modeling and hydrological studies over vegetated areas is the root-zone soil moisture, which controls plant transpiration. Because near-surface soil moisture is related to root-zone soil moisture through diffusion processes, assimilation algorithms may enable one to retrieve the total soil moisture content from observed surface soil moisture. A variational assimilation method is applied to a new dataset obtained over a fallowland in southwestern France in 1997 and 1998. The new database includes continuous automatic measurements of water content within the top 6-cm soil layer during a 17-month period from January 1997 to May 1998. Once calibrated, the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere (ISBA) surface scheme is able to simulate properly the measured surfa...

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