Changes in calcanean bone mineral occurring spontaneously and during hormone replacement therapy in early post-menopausal women.

The spontaneous calcanean bone loss occurring in healthy early post-menopausal women and the effect of two hormone replacement therapies (HRT's) were investigated in a longitudinal study. There was no difference between the right and left calcanean BMC or BMD (p > 0.15). The spontaneous bone loss was similar at all the skeletal sites measured, with a mean spontaneous loss in calcanean BMD of 1.6% over one year. Both HRT's significantly (p < 0.01) prevented the bone loss from all skeletal sites irrespective of the weight-bearing or content of trabecular bone, and (for the weight-bearing bones) there was even a gain in calcanean BMC and BMD and spinal BMD (p < 0.01). Bone mineral of the calcaneus and the spine correlated equally to body weight (r approximately 0.4, p < 0.001), whereas bone mineral in the forearm was not correlated to body weight. The correlations between the changes in bone mineral at the sites measured were all significant (r approximately 0.2-0.4).

[1]  J M Vogel,et al.  Effect of prolonged bed rest on bone mineral. , 1970, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[2]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Bone composition in the distal forearm. , 1987, Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation.

[3]  K. Yano,et al.  Postmenopausal bone loss at multiple skeletal sites: relationship to estrogen use. , 1983, Journal of chronic diseases.

[4]  K. Yano,et al.  Bone mineral measurements among middle-aged and elderly Japanese residents in Hawaii. , 1984, American journal of epidemiology.

[5]  Å. Rundgren,et al.  Bone mineral content in 70- and 75-year-old men and women: an analysis of some anthropometric background factors. , 1984, Age and ageing.

[6]  R. Mazess Os calcis results questioned. , 1986, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[7]  R. Recker,et al.  The proportion of trabecular bone in human vertebrae , 1987, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[8]  S L Hui,et al.  Bone mass and anthropometric measurements in adult females. , 1990, Bone and mineral.

[9]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Two new combinations of estrogen and progestogen for prevention of postmenopausal bone loss: Long‐term effects on bone, calcium and lipid metabolism, climacteric symptoms and bleeding , 1992, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[10]  C. Webber,et al.  Photon scattering measurement of calcaneal bone density: result of in vivo cross-sectional studies. , 1982, Investigative radiology.

[11]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Comparison of single- and dual-photon absorptiometry in postmenopausal bone mineral loss. , 1985, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[12]  P. Ross,et al.  A comparison of single and multi-site BMC measurements for assessment of spine fracture probability. , 1989, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[13]  P. Ross,et al.  Detection of prefracture spinal osteoporosis using bone mineral absorptiometry , 1988, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[14]  Harry K. Genant,et al.  Appendicular Bone Density and Age Predict Hip Fracture in Women , 1990 .

[15]  J M Vogel,et al.  The clinical relevance of calcaneus bone mineral measurements: a review. , 1988, Bone and mineral.

[16]  L Mosekilde,et al.  Proportion of human vertebral body bone that is cancellous , 1990, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[17]  P. Ross,et al.  Prediction of postmenopausal fracture risk with use of bone mineral measurements. , 1985, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[18]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Bone mineral content in the forearm measured by photon absorptiometry. Principles and reliability. , 1975, Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation.

[19]  R. Wasnich,et al.  Differential effects of thiazide and estrogen upon bone mineral content and fracture prevalence , 1986, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[20]  G. Dalsky,et al.  Effect of exercise on bone: permissive influence of estrogen and calcium. , 1990, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[21]  A. Leblanc,et al.  Bone mineral loss and recovery after 17 weeks of bed rest , 1990, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[22]  J M Vogel,et al.  Selection of the optimal skeletal site for fracture risk prediction. , 1987, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[23]  R. Evans,et al.  Measurement of bone in the os calcis: A clinical evaluation , 1989, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[24]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Progestogens: therapeutic and adverse effects in early post-menopausal women. , 1991, Maturitas.