HUMAN EFFORT AND THE VALUE OF TRAVEL TIME

The author briefly reviews some aspects of the use of "generalised cost" as an aid to explaining travel behaviour, and puts forward a hypothesis that not only time and money, but also "effort" are thought to affect the demand for travel. Various requirements are stated which a measure of effort must have to be useful and a number of available measures (energy expenditure, heart rate, galvanic skin response) are compared. The appropriateness of effort as a minimand and its practical usefulness are discussed. Proposals for further research are made. /TRRL/

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