Route Preview in Energy Management of Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles

This brief evaluates the use of terrain, vehicle speed, and trip distance preview to increase the fuel economy of plug-in hybrid vehicles. Access to future information is classified into full, partial, or no future information and for each case an energy management strategy with the potential for a real-time implementation is proposed. With full knowledge of future driving conditions, dynamic programming (DP) provides a best-achievable benchmark. A partial preview level has access to future trip terrain and requires velocity estimation. Equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is deployed as an instantaneous real-time minimization strategy with parameters adjusted by estimated future driving conditions and obtained either from DP or from a backward solution of ECMS. To reduce the requirement for future velocity and detailed terrain information, another partial preview level only assumes known trip distance to the next charging station and elevation changes (if available). In this level, the parameter of the real-time ECMS is estimated based on the remaining trip distance, the battery's state-of-charge, and elevation changes if included. The results are evaluated against cases with no preview. Results from a number of simulation case studies indicate that the fuel economy can be substantially enhanced with only partial preview.

[1]  Alexandre Chasse,et al.  Supervisory control of hybrid powertrains: An experimental benchmark of offline optimization and online energy management , 2009 .

[2]  Pierluigi Pisu,et al.  Control Strategies for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2004 .

[3]  Huei Peng,et al.  Power management strategy for a parallel hybrid electric truck , 2003, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[4]  Giorgio Rizzoni,et al.  Optimizing Control Strategy for Hybrid Fuel Cell Vehicle , 2002 .

[5]  Yaoyu Li,et al.  Power management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using neural network based trip modeling , 2009, 2009 American Control Conference.

[6]  Chen Zhang,et al.  Role of Trip Information Preview in Fuel Economy of Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles , 2009 .

[7]  Pierluigi Pisu,et al.  A Comparative Study Of Supervisory Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[8]  Thierry-Marie Guerra,et al.  Equivalent consumption minimization strategy for parallel hybrid powertrains , 2002, Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367).

[9]  Lino Guzzella,et al.  Optimal control of parallel hybrid electric vehicles , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[10]  L. Guzzella,et al.  Control of hybrid electric vehicles , 2007, IEEE Control Systems.

[11]  Jonn Axsen,et al.  The Early U.S. Market for PHEVs: Anticipating Consumer Awareness, Recharge Potential, Design Priorities and Energy Impacts , 2008 .

[12]  Ilya V. Kolmanovsky,et al.  Ultracapacitor Assisted Powertrains: Modeling, Control, Sizing, and the Impact on Fuel Economy , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[13]  Yaoyu Li,et al.  Trip based optimal power management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using gas-kinetic traffic flow model , 2008, 2008 American Control Conference.

[14]  D. Schroder,et al.  An approach for the online optimized control of a hybrid powertrain , 2002, 7th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control. Proceedings (Cat. No.02TH8623).

[15]  Giorgio Rizzoni,et al.  Optimality Assessment of Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for PHEV Applications , 2009 .

[16]  Robert F. Stengel,et al.  Optimal Control and Estimation , 1994 .

[17]  Lino Guzzella,et al.  Vehicle Propulsion Systems: Introduction to Modeling and Optimization , 2005 .

[18]  Mehrdad Ehsani,et al.  A Matlab-based modeling and simulation package for electric and hybrid electric vehicle design , 1999 .

[19]  Frank Allgöwer,et al.  An Introduction to Nonlinear Model Predictive Control , 2002 .

[20]  Chen Zhang,et al.  Role of Terrain Preview in Energy Management of Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[21]  Lino Guzzella,et al.  A Real-Time Optimal Control Strategy for Parallel Hybrid Vehicles with On-Board Estimation of the Control Parameters , 2004 .