Reversible Data Hiding in the Spatial and Frequency Domains

Combinational lossless data hiding in the spatial and frequency domains is proposed. In the spatial domain, a secret message is embedded in a host medium using the min-max algorithm to generate a stego-image. Subsequently, the stego-image is decomposed into the frequency domain via the integer wavelet transform (IWT). Then, a watermark is hidden in the low-high (LH) and high-low (HL) subbands of the IWT domain using the coefficient-bias approach. Simulations confirm that the hidden data is successfully extracted and the host image is completely recovered. In addition, the perceptual quality of the mixed image generated by the proposed method is good. Moreover, the mixed images are robust against attacks such as JPEG2000, JPEG, brightness adjustment, and inversion.

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