Toward Data-Driven Structural Health Monitoring: Application of Machine Learning and Signal Processing to Damage Detection

AbstractA multilayer data-driven framework for robust structural health monitoring based on a comprehensive application of machine learning and signal processing techniques is introduced. This paper focuses on demonstrating the effectiveness of the framework for damage detection in a steel pipe under environmental and operational variations. The pipe was instrumented with piezoelectric wafers that can generate and sense ultrasonic waves. Damage was simulated physically by a mass scatterer grease-coupled to the surface of the pipe. Benign variations included variable internal air pressure and ambient temperature over time. Ultrasonic measurements were taken on three different days with the scatterer placed at different locations on the pipe. The wave patterns are complex and difficult to interpret, and it is even more difficult to differentiate the changes produced by the scatterer from the changes produced by benign variations. The sensed data were characterized by 365 features extracted from a variety of...

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