Challenges to color constancy in a contemporary light

Color constancy is a prime example of a perceptual constancy, giving stability to mental representations of objects in an unstable world. Yet color constancy is highly variable, depending on the illumination, the object and its context, and the viewer. Color constancy is particularly challenged by artificial lights that differ from the natural illuminations under which human vision evolved. The rapid developments in solid-state lighting technologies revive the need to scrutinise the limits of color constancy, to understand whether and how it is optimised for natural illuminations, and, in turn, to optimise novel lighting technologies for human color perception. For these goals, a deeper collaboration between the disciplines of human vision science and color science is needed.

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