Design for shear in reinforced concrete using strut-and-tie and sectional models

[1]  G. N. J. Kani,et al.  The Riddle of Shear Failure and its Solution , 1964 .

[2]  A RATIONAL THEORY FOR THE FUNCTION OF WEB REINFORCEMENT , 1969 .

[3]  S-G Hong,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams with End Anchorage Failure , 2002 .

[4]  WenN Bin Siao,et al.  Strut-and-Tie Model for Shear Behavior in Deep Beams and Pile Caps Failing in Diagonal Splitting , 1993 .

[5]  E. Bentz.  Sectional analysis of reinforced concrete members , 2000 .

[6]  M. J. Baron,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams at Points of Bar Cutoff , 1966 .

[7]  P de Buhan,et al.  SHEAR DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE DEEP BEAMS: A NUMERICAL APPROACH , 1999 .

[8]  N. M. Hawkins,et al.  The bearing strength of concrete loaded through rigid plates , 1968 .

[9]  Karl-Heinz Reineck,et al.  Ultimate shear force of structural concrete members Without Transverse Reinforcement Derived From a Mechanical Model (SP-885) , 1991 .

[10]  Michael D. Kotsovos,et al.  Behavior of reinforced concrete beams designed in compliance with the concept of compressive force path , 1990 .

[11]  Richard N. White,et al.  Initiation of Shear Cracking in Reinforced Concrete Beams with No Web Reinforcement , 1991 .

[12]  S. B. Desai.  Horizontal web steel as shear reinforcement , 1995 .

[13]  Stephen J. Foster,et al.  EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE DEEP BEAMS , 1998 .

[14]  Julio A. Ramirez,et al.  DETAILING OF STIRRUP REINFORCEMENT , 1989 .

[15]  Michael D. Kotsovos,et al.  Mechanisms of ‘shear’ failure , 1983 .

[16]  Sanat Kumar Niyogi,et al.  Bearing Strength of Reinforced Concrete Blocks , 1975 .

[17]  Dino Angelakos,et al.  The influence of concrete strength and longitudinal reinforcement ratio on the shear strength of large-size reinforced concrete beams with, and without, transverse reinforcement , 1999 .

[18]  Daniel A. Kuchma,et al.  Strut-and-Tie Models for the Design of Pile Caps--An Experimental Study , 1990 .

[19]  Jin-Ping Zhang,et al.  Diagonal cracking and shear strength of reinforced concrete beams , 1997 .

[20]  H C Mehta,et al.  SPLIT-CYLINDER TEST AND DOUBLE-PUNCH TEST FOR TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE , 1976 .

[21]  K. Tan,et al.  Design Procedure for Reinforced Concrete Beamswith Large Web Openings , 1996 .

[22]  Olivier Burdet,et al.  ANCHORAGE ZONE REINFORCEMENT FOR POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE GIRDERS , 1994 .

[23]  F. Kong,et al.  Deep Beams with Inclined Web Reinforcement , 1972 .

[24]  V. Ramakrishnan,et al.  Ultimate Strength of Deep Beams in Shear , 1968 .

[25]  Stephen J. Foster,et al.  The Design of Nonflexural Members withNormal and High-Strength Concretes , 1996 .

[26]  G. Russo,et al.  Stirrup Effectiveness in Reinforced Concrete Beams under Flexure and Shear , 1997 .

[27]  Michael D. Kotsovos,et al.  DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE DEEP BEAMS , 1988 .

[28]  D. Mitchell,et al.  Prestressed concrete structures , 1991 .

[29]  G. N. J. Kani,et al.  Basic Facts Concerning Shear Failure , 1966 .

[30]  Michael D. Kotsovos,et al.  Size effects in beams with small shear span-to-depth ratios , 2004 .

[31]  Young Soo Yoon,et al.  Minimum Shear Reinforcement in Normal, Medium,and High-Strength Concrete Beams , 1996 .

[32]  Shuaib H. Ahmad,et al.  Flexure-Shear Interaction of Reinforced High Strength Concrete Beams , 1987 .

[33]  Pietro G. Gambarova,et al.  AGGREGATE INTERLOCK ROLE IN R.C. THIN-WEBBED BEAMS IN SHEAR , 1987 .

[34]  C. P. Siess,et al.  Strength and Behavior of Deep Beams in Shear , 1965 .

[35]  John E. Breen,et al.  Evaluation of a Modified Truss-Model Approach for Beams in Shear , 1991 .

[36]  Zenon A. Zielinski,et al.  Tests on Shear Capacity of Reinforced Concrete , 1995 .

[37]  John E. Breen,et al.  Anchorage of Headed Reinforcement in CCT Nodes , 2003 .

[38]  Peter Marti,et al.  Truss Models in Detailing , 1985 .

[39]  Arthur Newell Talbot,et al.  Tests of Reinforced Concrete Beams: Resistance to Web Stresses. Series of 1907 and 1908 , 2010 .

[40]  Michael D. Kotsovos,et al.  Compressive Force Path Concept: Basis for Reinforced Concrete Ultimate Limit State Design , 1988 .

[41]  N. S. Ottosen.  A Failure Criterion for Concrete , 1977 .

[42]  Thomas T. C. Hsu,et al.  Shear Strength Prediction for Deep Beams With Web Reinforcement , 1987 .

[43]  Robert J. Frosch,et al.  Influence of Beam Size, Longitudinal Reinforcement, and Stirrup Effectiveness on Concrete Shear Strength , 2002 .

[44]  Adolfo B. Matamoros,et al.  Design of Simply Supported Deep Beams Using Strut-and-Tie Models , 2003 .

[45]  Wai-Fah Chen.  Plasticity in reinforced concrete , 1982 .

[46]  M. W. Huggins,et al.  Kani on shear in reinforced concrete , 1979 .

[47]  Ashraf F. Ashour,et al.  TESTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CONTINUOUS DEEP BEAMS WITH WEB OPENINGS , 2000 .

[48]  G. N. J. Kani,et al.  HOW SAFE ARE OUR LARGE REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS , 1967 .

[49]  Gopinath Menon,et al.  DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT FOR NOTCHED ENDS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE GIRDERS , 1977 .

[50]  Shuaib H. Ahmad,et al.  SHEAR DUCTILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS OF NORMAL AND HIGH-STREHNGTH CONCRETE , 1994 .

[51]  Bogdan Andrzej Podgorniak-Stanik.  The influence of concrete strength, distribution of longitudinal reinforcement, amount of transverse reinforcement and member size on shear strength of reinforced concrete members , 1998 .

[52]  K. N. Smith,et al.  Shear Strength of Deep Beams , 1982 .

[53]  Barrington deV. Batchelor,et al.  EFFECTIVENESS FACTOR FOR SHEAR IN CONCRETE BEAMS , 1986 .

[54]  Ashraf F. Ashour,et al.  Shear Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams , 2000 .

[55]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  Safe Shear Design of Large Wide Beams , 2004 .

[56]  S. Cao,et al.  Size effect and the influence of longitudinal reinforcement on the shear response of large reinforced concrete members , 2001 .

[57]  J Schlaich,et al.  TOWARD A CONSISTENT DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE , 1987 .

[58]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  Rational Approach to Shear Design--The 1984 Canadian Code Provisions , 1986 .

[59]  Bruno Thürlimann,et al.  Ultimate Strength and Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams in Torsion and Bending , 1972 .

[60]  Michael E. Kreger,et al.  Detailing for structural concrete , 1993 .

[61]  James K. Wight,et al.  Experimental Evaluation of Design Procedures for Shear Strength of Deep Reinforced Concrete Beams , 2002 .

[62]  John E. Breen,et al.  AN INVESTIGATION OF STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS FOR DAPPED BEAM DETAILS. INTERIM REPORT , 1991 .

[63]  William L. Gamble,et al.  RECENT APPROACHES TO SHEAR DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE. DISCUSSIONS AND CLOSURES , 2000 .

[64]  Michael E. Kreger,et al.  DEVIATION SADDLE BEHAVIOR AND DESIGN FOR EXTERNALLY POST-TENSIONED BRIDGES. INTERIM REPORT , 1988 .

[65]  Peter Marti.  How to Treat Shear in Structural Concrete , 1999 .

[66]  F. Kong,et al.  WEB REINFORCEMENT EFFECTS ON DEEP BEAMS , 1970 .

[67]  Bengt B. Broms,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams , 1969 .

[68]  Perry Adebar,et al.  Bearing Strength of Compressive Struts Confined by Plain Concrete , 1993 .

[69]  N. K. Subedi,et al.  Reinforced concrete deep beams some test results , 1986 .

[70]  John E. Breen,et al.  EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF STRUT-AND-TIE MODEL APPLIED TO DEEP BEAM WITH OPENING , 2000 .

[71]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  COMPRESSION RESPONSE OF CRACKED REINFORCED CONCRETE , 1993 .

[72]  R. G. Mathey,et al.  Strains in Beams Having Diagonal Cracks , 1958 .

[73]  R. C. Fenwick,et al.  Mechanism of Shear resistance of Concrete Beams , 1968 .

[74]  W. J. Krefeld,et al.  Contribution of Longitudinal Steel to Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams , 1966 .

[75]  C. P. Siess,et al.  The Shear Strength of Simple-Span Reinforced Concrete Beams Without Web Reinforcement , 1953 .

[76]  JoDean Morrow,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Frame Members Without Web Reinforcement , 1957 .

[77]  Kang Hai Tan,et al.  High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Deep and Short Beams: Shear Design Equations in North American and UK Practice , 1998 .

[78]  Theodore Zsutty,et al.  SHEAR STRENGTH PREDICTION FOR SEPERATE CATEGORIES OF SIMPLE BEAM TESTS , 1971 .

[79]  Young Mook Yun,et al.  STRENGTH OF STRUTS AND NODES IN STRUT-TIE MODEL , 1996 .

[80]  Joost Walravena,et al.  Size effects in short beams loaded in shear , 1994 .

[81]  Guney Ozcebe,et al.  EVALUATION OF MINIMUM SHEAR REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR HIGHER STRENGTH CONCRETE , 1999 .

[82]  F. Vecchio.  The Response of Reinforced Concrete to In-Plane Shear and Normal Stresses , 1982 .

[83]  Thomas T. C. Hsu,et al.  FORMULA FOR THE SHEAR STRENGTH OF DEEP BEAMS , 1989 .

[84]  R. Manuel,et al.  DEEP BEAM BEHAVIOR AFFECTED BY LENGTH AND SHEAR SPAN VARIATIONS , 1971 .

[85]  Shyh-Jiann Hwang,et al.  SHEAR STRENGTH PREDICTION FOR DEEP BEAMS , 2000 .

[86]  Arthur P. Clark.  Diagonal Tension in Reinforced Concrete Beams , 1951 .

[87]  Thomas T. C. Hsu.  TOWARD A UNIFIED NOMENCLATURE FOR REINFORCED-CONCRETE THEORY , 1996 .

[88]  Peter Marti,et al.  BASIC TOOLS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM DESIGN , 1985 .

[89]  K. Tan,et al.  High-strength concrete deep beams with effective span and shear span variations , 1995 .

[90]  Kaiss F. Sarsam,et al.  SHEAR DESIGN OF HIGH- AND NORMAL STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAMS WITH WEB REINFORCEMENT , 1992 .

[91]  Phil M. Ferguson,et al.  Some Implications of Recent Diagonal Tension Tests , 1956 .

[92]  Zdenek P. Bazant,et al.  Size effect on diagonal shear failure of beams without stirrups , 1991 .

[93]  John E. Breen,et al.  PROPOSED DESIGN PROCEDURES FOR SHEAR AND TORSION IN REINFORCED AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE , 1983 .

[94]  John E. Breen,et al.  Evaluation of Strut-and-Tie Modeling Applied to DappedBeam with Opening , 2002 .

[95]  N. M. Hawkins.  The bearing strength of concrete for strip loadings , 1970 .

[96]  K. H. Tan,et al.  Shear Behavior of Large Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams and Code Comparisons , 1999 .

[97]  E. Hognestad,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams Part 2-Tests of Restrained Beams Without Web Reinforcement , 1955 .

[98]  Kang Hai Tan,et al.  Effect of Web reinforcement on high-strength concrete deep beams , 1997 .

[99]  Peter Marti,et al.  Size Effect in Double-Punch Tests on Concrete Cylinders , 1989 .

[100]  Yoichi Yoshida,et al.  Shear reinforcement for large lightly reinforced concrete members , 2000 .

[101]  Perry Adebar,et al.  Design of Deep Pile Caps by Strut-and-Tie Models , 1996 .

[102]  Pietro G. Gambarova,et al.  Comprehensive Model for Study of Shear in Thin-Webbed RC and PC Beams , 1995 .

[103]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  Effect of Concrete Strength and Minimum Stirrups on Shear Strength of Large Members , 2001 .

[104]  Sanat Kumar Niyogi,et al.  Bearing Strength of Concrete—Geometric Variations , 1973 .

[105]  Sasha Kuzmanovic.  An investigation of the shear design of a reinforced concrete box structure , 1998 .

[106]  E. Bentz.  Empirical Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Shear Strength Size Effect for Members without Stirrups , 2005 .

[107]  C. P. Siess,et al.  Behavior and Strength in Shear of Beams and Frames Without Web Reinforcement , 1960 .

[108]  R. Taylor,et al.  Some shear tests on reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement , 1960 .

[109]  Stephen J. Foster.  Design of non-flexural members for shear , 1998 .

[110]  Sung-Gul Hong.  Strut-and-Tie Models and Failure Mechanisms for Bar Development in Tension-Tension-Compression Nodal Zone , 2000 .

[111]  Julio A. Ramirez,et al.  Minimum Shear Reinforcement in Beams With Higher Strength Concrete , 1989 .

[112]  Keun-Hyeok Yang,et al.  Shear characteristics of high-strength concrete deep beams without shear reinforcements , 2003 .

[113]  Gregory C. Frantz,et al.  Transverse Stirrup Spacing in R/C Beams , 1985 .

[114]  Thomas T. C. Hsu,et al.  Unified approach to shear analysis and design , 1998 .

[115]  F. Vecchio,et al.  THE MODIFIED COMPRESSION FIELD THEORY FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS SUBJECTED TO SHEAR , 1986 .

[116]  N. M. Hawkins,et al.  The bearing strength of concrete loaded through flexible plates , 1968 .

[117]  Keith Thompson,et al.  The anchorage behavior of headed reinforcement in CCT nodes and lap splices , 2002 .

[118]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  A general shear design method , 1996 .

[119]  Songwut Hengprathanee,et al.  Linear and Nonlinear Finite Element Analyses of Anchorage Zones in Post-Tensioned Concrete Structures , 2004 .

[120]  E. Mörsch,et al.  Der Eisenbetonbau seine Theorie und Anwendung , 1908 .

[121]  K Close,et al.  AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS COMPUTER SYSTEMS INDEX , 1976 .

[122]  A M Kao,et al.  SHEAR STRENGTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS WITH BARS TERMINATED IN TENSION ZONES , 1975 .

[123]  Keun-Hyeok Yang,et al.  Tests on reinforced concrete deep beams , 2007 .

[124]  Aurelio Muttoni,et al.  Design of Concrete Structures with Stress Fields , 1996 .

[125]  P. M. Ferguson,et al.  EXPLORATORY SHEAR TESTS EMPHASIZING PERCENTAGE OF LONGITUDINAL STEEL , 1968 .

[126]  James K. Wight,et al.  Beam Analysis Using Concrete Tensile Strength in Truss Models , 1992 .

[127]  M. P. Nielsen,et al.  PLASTICITY APPROACH TO SHEAR DESIGN , 1998 .

[128]  Kang Su Kim,et al.  Shear Database for Reinforced Concrete Members without Shear Reinforcement , 2003 .

[129]  Paul Lüchinger,et al.  Bruchwiderstand von Kastenträgern aus Stahlbeton unter Torsion, Biegung und Querkraft , 1977 .

[130]  F. Vecchio.  DISTURBED STRESS FIELD MODEL FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE: FORMULATION , 2000 .

[131]  Marco Rigotti.  Diagonal cracking in reinforced concrete deep beams : an experimental investigation , 2002 .

[132]  Clyde E. Kesler,et al.  Static and Fatigue Strength in Shear of Beams with Tensile Reinforcement , 1958 .

[133]  S. Ghosh,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced High-Strength Concrete Beams with Shear Span-to-Depth Ratios between 1.5 and 2.5 , 1999 .

[134]  F J Vecchio,et al.  DISTURBED STRESS FIELD MODEL FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE: IMPLEMENTATION , 2001 .

[135]  J. J. Roller,et al.  Shear Strength of High-Strength Concrete Beams With Web Reinforcement , 1990 .

[136]  Sanat Kumar Niyogi,et al.  Concrete Bearing Strength—Support, Mix, Size Effect , 1974 .

[137]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  Diagonal Compression Field theory-ARational Model For Structural Concrete in Pure Torsion , 1974 .

[138]  Pietro G. Gambarova,et al.  Stress Field in Web of RC Thin‐Webbed Beams Failing in Shear , 1990 .

[139]  F. E. Richart,et al.  An investigation of web stresses in reinforced concrete beams , 1927 .

[140]  Kang Hai Tan,et al.  Main Tension Steel in High Strength Concrete Deep andShort Beams , 1997 .

[141]  Jorg Schlaich,et al.  Design and detailing of structural concrete using strut-and-tie models , 1991 .

[142]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  Predicting the Response of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected to Shear Using the Modified Compression Field Theory , 1988 .

[143]  Michael P. Collins,et al.  High-Strength Concrete Elements Subjected to Shear , 1994 .

[144]  Michele Judith Young.  Performance of Headed Reinforcing Bars in CCT Nodal Regions , 2000 .

[145]  Eivind Hognestad,et al.  A STUDY OF COMBINED BENDING AND AXIAL LOAD IN REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS; A REPORT OF AN INVESTIGATION CONDUCTED BY THE ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, UNDER AUSPICES OF THE ENGINEERING FOUNDATION, THROUGH THE REINFORCED CONCRETE RESEARCH COUNCIL. , 1951 .

[146]  Denis Mitchell,et al.  Studies of Disturbed Regions Near Discontinuities in Reinforced Concrete Members , 1988 .

[147]  S J Foster,et al.  Investigation into the efficiency factor used in non-flexural reinforced concrete member design , 1993 .

[148]  Stephen J. Foster,et al.  Evaluation of Efficiency Factor Models used in Strut-and-Tie Modeling of Nonflexural Members , 2002 .

[149]  Prodromos D. Zararis.  Shear Compression Failure in Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams , 2003 .

[150]  Peter Marti.  Staggered Shear Design of Simply Supported Concrete Beams , 1986 .

[151]  Denis Mitchell,et al.  Aashto Lrfd Strut-and-tie Model Design Examples , 2004 .

[152]  Frank J. Vecchio,et al.  ANALYSIS OF SHEAR-CRITICAL REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS , 2000 .

[153]  E. Hognestad,et al.  Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams Part 1 -Tests of Simple Beams , 1954 .

[154]  Sung-GUI Hong,et al.  Truss model and failure mechanism for bar development in C-C-T nodes , 1996 .

[155]  Howard P. J. Taylor,et al.  Shear Strength of Large Beams , 1972 .

[156]  Georg Anagnostou,et al.  Stress Fields for Nodes of Strut‐and‐Tie Models , 1990 .