The GEMS photoelectric x-ray polarimeters

The Gravity and Extreme Magnetism Small Explorer (GEMS) is an astrophysical observatory dedicated to X-ray polarimetry (2-10 keV) and is being developed for launch in 2014. To maximize the polarization sensitivity of the observatory, GEMS uses polarimeters based on the photoelectric effect with a gas micropattern time projection chamber (TPC). We describe the TPC polarimeter concept and the details of the GEMS implementation, including factors that affect the ultimate polarization sensitivity, including quantum efficiency, modulation factor, systematic errors, and background.