Shape dependence of nonlinear optical activities of tungsten oxide nanostructures

he understanding of shape dependence of nonlinear optical (NLO) behaviors is crucial for designing of an effective component and device. In this work, nanostructured tungsten oxide (WO3) in shapes of nanospheres, nanowires, and nanoplates have been prepared using a facile hydrothermal method by controlling the molar ratio of the precursors. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) clearly confirmed the morphology characteristic of the three nanostructures. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) identified the nanospheres were well consistent with octahedral WO3·0.33H2O while nanowires and nanoplates can be well indexed to the hexagonal structure of WO3. Meanwhile, the WO3 nanostructures displayed shape dependent linear optical behaviors. The NLO properties were measured at 532 nm using open aperture (OA) Z-scan technique. The two-photon coefficients of WO3 nanospheres, nanowires and nanoplates were calculated to be 9.8×10-11 m/W, 1.44×10-10 m/W, 2.02×10-10 m/W, respectively. The nanoplates exhibited the best NLO performance while the nanospheres present the weakest one. The result implies that the NLO activities can be effectively tailored by morphology control.

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