Maskless Surface Modification of Polyurethane Films by an Atmospheric Pressure He/O2 Plasma Microjet for Gelatin Immobilization

A localized maskless modification method of polyurethane (PU) films through an atmospheric pressure He/O2 plasma microjet (APPμJ) was proposed. The APPμJ system combines an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with a microfabricated silicon micronozzle with dimension of 30 μm, which has advantages of simple structure and low cost. The possibility of APPμJ in functionalizing PU films with hydroxyl (–OH) groups and covalent grafting of gelatin for improving its biocompatibility was demonstrated. The morphologies and chemical compositions of the modified surface were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fluorescent images show the modified surface can be divided into four areas with different fluorescence intensity from the center to the outside domain. The distribution of the rings could be controlled by plasma process parameters, such as the treatment time and the flow rate of O2. When the treatment time is 4 to 5 min with the oxygen percentage of 0.6%, the PU film can be effectively local functionalized with the diameter of 170 μm. In addition, the modification mechanism of PU films by the APPμJ is investigated. The localized polymer modified by APPμJ has potential applications in the field of tissue engineering.

[1]  F. Fanelli,et al.  Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma jet technology: general features, specificities and applications in surface processing of materials , 2017 .

[2]  J. Chu,et al.  Separated Type Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Microjets Array for Maskless Microscale Etching , 2017, Micromachines.

[3]  Christian Eggeling,et al.  Dissection of mechanical force in living cells by super-resolved traction force microscopy , 2017, Nature Protocols.

[4]  E. Gogolides,et al.  Electrical and optical characterization of an atmospheric pressure, uniform, large-area processing, dielectric barrier discharge , 2017 .

[5]  M. Nagatsu,et al.  Surface conductivity dependent dynamic behaviour of an ultrafine atmospheric pressure plasma jet for microscale surface processing , 2016 .

[6]  S. Jia,et al.  Experimental investigation of photoresist etching by kHz AC atmospheric pressure plasma jet , 2016 .

[7]  S. Jia,et al.  Numerical study of the interaction of a helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet with a dielectric material , 2016 .

[8]  N. R. Poespawati,et al.  Maskless localized patterning of biomolecules on carbon nanotube microarray functionalized by ultrafine atmospheric pressure plasma jet using biotin-avidin system , 2016 .

[9]  M. Nagatsu,et al.  Nanocapillary Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet: A Tool for Ultrafine Maskless Surface Modification at Atmospheric Pressure. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[10]  Ö. Birer.  Reactivity zones around an atmospheric pressure plasma jet , 2015 .

[11]  R. Ono,et al.  Flux of OH and O radicals onto a surface by an atmospheric-pressure helium plasma jet measured by laser-induced fluorescence , 2014 .

[12]  Yue Wu,et al.  Patterned graphene functionalization via mask-free scanning of micro-plasma jet under ambient condition , 2014 .

[13]  R. M. Sankaran,et al.  Fabrication of electrically conductive metal patterns at the surface of polymer films by microplasma-based direct writing. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[14]  B. Shokri,et al.  Investigation of antibacterial and wettability behaviours of plasma-modified PMMA films for application in ophthalmology , 2014 .

[15]  R. Naik,et al.  Exploration of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition as a method for thin-film fabrication with biological applications. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[16]  P. Levkin,et al.  Emerging Applications of Superhydrophilic‐Superhydrophobic Micropatterns , 2013, Advanced materials.

[17]  Qizhi Chen,et al.  Elastomeric biomaterials for tissue engineering , 2013 .

[18]  P. Dubruel,et al.  Surface Modification of Poly-ε-Caprolactone with an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet , 2013, Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing.

[19]  P. Dubruel,et al.  Plasma Surface Modification of Biomedical Polymers: Influence on Cell-Material Interaction , 2012, Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing.

[20]  V. Puech,et al.  On atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasma jets and plasma bullets , 2012 .

[21]  Jiang Chang,et al.  Preparation of hydrophilic poly(l-lactide) electrospun fibrous scaffolds modified with chitosan for enhanced cell biocompatibility , 2012 .

[22]  P. Larkin.  Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Principles and Spectral Interpretation , 2011 .

[23]  Jun‐Seok Oh,et al.  Imaging gas and plasma interactions in the surface-chemical modification of polymers using micro-plasma jets , 2011 .

[24]  Daphne Pappas,et al.  Status and potential of atmospheric plasma processing of materials , 2011 .

[25]  D. Graves,et al.  Gas flow dependence of ground state atomic oxygen in plasma needle discharge at atmospheric pressure , 2010 .

[26]  Ladislav Bardos,et al.  Cold atmospheric plasma: Sources, processes, and applications , 2010 .

[27]  R. Hicks,et al.  Surface Activation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) via Remote Atmospheric Pressure Plasma , 2010 .

[28]  Z. Yin,et al.  Aminosilane micropatterns on hydroxyl-terminated substrates: fabrication and applications. , 2010, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[29]  B. Ganguly,et al.  Investigation of discharge mechanisms in helium plasma jet at atmospheric pressure by laser spectroscopic measurements , 2010 .

[30]  P. Dubruel,et al.  Nonthermal plasma technology as a versatile strategy for polymeric biomaterials surface modification: a review. , 2009, Biomacromolecules.

[31]  C. Custódio,et al.  Bioinspired Degradable Substrates with Extreme Wettability Properties , 2009 .

[32]  M. H. Gil,et al.  Surface modification and characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane , 2009 .

[33]  Wantai Yang,et al.  Developments and new applications of UV-induced surface graft polymerizations , 2009 .

[34]  Jörg Ehlbeck,et al.  Antimicrobial treatment of heat sensitive products by miniaturized atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) , 2008 .

[35]  Chen Yao,et al.  Surface modification and antibacterial activity of electrospun polyurethane fibrous membranes with quaternary ammonium moieties , 2008 .

[36]  Nisha Sharma,et al.  Mechanistic implications of plastic degradation , 2008 .

[37]  F. Cui,et al.  Surface modification of polyester biomaterials for tissue engineering , 2007, Biomedical materials.

[38]  J. Goddard,et al.  Polymer surface modification for the attachment of bioactive compounds , 2007 .

[39]  Y. A. Gonzalvo,et al.  Mass spectrometric detection of short-living radicals produced by a plasma needle , 2007 .

[40]  David R. Drake,et al.  Gas flow dependence for plasma-needle disinfection of S. mutans bacteria , 2006 .

[41]  R. Balart,et al.  Surface modification of low density polyethylene (LDPE) film by low pressure O2 plasma treatment , 2006 .

[42]  Xuesi Chen,et al.  Surface modification of poly(L-lactic acid) to improve its cytocompatibility via assembly of polyelectrolytes and gelatin. , 2006, Acta biomaterialia.

[43]  D. Landolt,et al.  Time-dependent morphology and adhesion of osteoblastic cells on titanium model surfaces featuring scale-resolved topography. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[44]  R. Langer,et al.  Designing materials for biology and medicine , 2004, Nature.

[45]  T. He,et al.  Endothelium regeneration on luminal surface of polyurethane vascular scaffold modified with diamine and covalently grafted with gelatin. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[46]  K. De Yao,et al.  Biomimetic surface modification of poly (L-lactic acid) with gelatin and its effects on articular chondrocytes in vitro. , 2003, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[47]  K. Irgum,et al.  Control of electroosmotic flow and wall interactions in capillary electrophoresis capillaries by photografted zwitterionic polymer surface layers. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[48]  Albert Folch,et al.  Micropatterns of chemisorbed cell adhesion-repellent films using oxygen plasma etching and elastomeric masks , 2003 .

[49]  N. Gherardi,et al.  Transition from glow silent discharge to micro-discharges in nitrogen gas , 2000 .

[50]  K. Choo,et al.  Hydrophilic modification of polypropylene microfiltration membranes by ozone-induced graft polymerization , 2000 .

[51]  Kanika Chawla,et al.  Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering , 2018, Methods in Molecular Biology.

[52]  M. Nagatsu,et al.  Fluorescence Analysis of Micro-scale Surface Modification Using Ultrafine Capillary Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet for Biochip Fabrication , 2017 .