Directional spectral reflectivity measurements of a carbon fibre reinforced composite up to 450 °C

Abstract A quantitative study of the bi-directional reflectivity of a carbon/poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) based composite is performed at room temperature using a Fourier Transform Infra-Red Bruker 80v spectrometer (0.6–25 µm) angles of incidence and collection ranging from 11 to 83° and by varying fibre orientation. Then, a home-made compact cell, based on a customized resistive heater, is adapted to the sample compartment of the spectrometer for measuring the temperature dependency of the normal reflectivity of the composite sample from 20 to 450 °C. A complete validation of the thermal performances of the cell is thus presented to support the interpretation of the previous reflectivity measurements. The respective contributions of the carbon fibrous reinforcement and of the PEEK matrix on the reflective behaviour up to 450 °C is finally discussed. Temperature is shown to play a minor role on the optical properties of the tested materials, thus indicating a predominant role of the carbon fibres. Conversely, the room temperature angular study shows the high importance of the beam incident angle with respect to fibres orientation and enables to characterize this strongly anisotropic reflective behaviour.

[1]  C. Ageorges,et al.  Fusion Bonding of Polymer Composites , 2002 .

[2]  Congling Shi,et al.  Measurements of the directional spectral emissivity based on a radiation heating source with alternating spectral distributions , 2015 .

[3]  L. Campo,et al.  New experimental device for infrared spectral directional emissivity measurements in a controlled environment , 2006 .

[4]  A. Kienle,et al.  Optics of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics – A theoretical and an experimental study , 2016 .

[5]  Anton Beran,et al.  The reflectance behaviour of gold at temperatures up to 500°C , 1985 .

[6]  Kun Yu,et al.  Study of Ti–6Al–4V alloy spectral emissivity characteristics during thermal oxidation process , 2016 .

[7]  Yu Kun,et al.  An emissivity measurement apparatus for near infrared spectrum , 2015 .

[8]  W. Grouve.  Weld strength of laser-assisted tape-placed thermoplastic composites , 2012 .

[9]  T. T. Charalampopoulos,et al.  Refractive indices of pyrolytic graphite, amorphous carbon, and flame soot in the temperature range 25° to 600°C☆ , 1993 .

[10]  Alan Corvisier.  Élaboration par pulvérisation magnétron réactive d'une couche thermochrome à base de dioxyde de vanadium. Application à la régulation passive de la température de panneaux solaires , 2014 .

[11]  H. Ishida,et al.  Molecular analysis of the melting behaviour of poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) , 1986 .

[12]  Roman V. Kruzelecky,et al.  Thermochromic VO2 film deposited on Al with tunable thermal emissivity for space applications , 2011 .

[13]  C. R. Howarth,et al.  Optical constants of carbons and coals in the infrared , 1968 .

[14]  J. Pierson,et al.  Innovative Smart Selective Coating to Avoid Overheating in Highly Efficient Thermal Solar Collectors , 2016 .

[15]  J. Ordonez-Miranda,et al.  Optimized thermal amplification in a radiative transistor , 2016 .

[16]  T. Hull,et al.  Mechanism of thermal decomposition of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) from a review of decomposition studies , 2010 .

[17]  M. Soltani,et al.  Properties and Applications of Thermochromic Vanadium Dioxide Smart Coatings , 2015 .

[18]  S. M. Grove,et al.  Thermal modelling of tape laying with continuous carbon fibre-reinforced thermoplastic , 1988 .

[19]  J. Randrianalisoa,et al.  Modified two-flux approximation for identification of radiative properties of absorbing and scattering media from directional-hemispherical measurements. , 2006, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[20]  P. Honnerová,et al.  Survey of emissivity measurement by radiometric methods. , 2015, Applied optics.

[21]  P. Compston,et al.  Optical characterisation and modelling for oblique near-infrared laser heating of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites , 2015 .

[22]  J. M. Chalmers,et al.  Specular reflectance: A convenient tool for polymer characterization by FTIR-microscopy? , 1996 .

[23]  L. Campo,et al.  Apparatus for measuring the emittance of materials from far infrared to visible wavelengths in extreme conditions of temperature , 2015 .

[24]  A. Kaplan,et al.  A ray-tracing analysis of the absorption of light by smooth and rough metal surfaces , 2007 .

[25]  F. Cogswell.  Thermoplastic aromatic polymer composites : a study of the structure, processing, and properties of carbon fibre reinforced polyetheretherketone and related materials , 1996 .

[26]  Réjean Baribeau,et al.  Development of a robot-based gonioreflectometer for spectral BRDF measurement , 2009 .

[27]  Patrick Echegut,et al.  A spectroscopic method to measure the spectral emissivity of semi-transparent materials up to high temperature , 1999 .

[28]  Ignace Verpoest,et al.  Advanced Materials Enabling High-Volume Road Transport Applications of Lightweight Structural Composite Parts , 2014 .