Design and construction of entry retaining wall along a gob side under hard roof stratum

•As a new approach, harmonically flexible-hard gob-side retaining mechanical model was firstly proposed, which provides us both compression and supporting force required for a gob-side retaining wall, by considering hard roof weighting.•The new flexible-hard artificial wall is of large compressibility and high supporting capacity.•The thicknesses of flexible layer and hard layer of artificial wall were quantitatively determined.•The ratios of flexible and hard material were tested and corresponding filling-procedures were proposed.

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