Real-Time Polarimetry of Hyperpolarized 13C Nuclear Spins Using an Atomic Magnetometer.

We introduce a method for nondestructive quantification of nuclear spin polarization, of relevance to hyperpolarized spin tracers widely used in magnetic resonance from spectroscopy to in vivo imaging. In a bias field of around 30 nT we use a high-sensitivity miniaturized 87Rb-vapor magnetometer to measure the field generated by the sample, as it is driven by a windowed dynamical decoupling pulse sequence that both maximizes the nuclear spin lifetime and modulates the polarization for easy detection. We demonstrate the procedure applied to a 0.08 M hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate solution produced by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization, measuring polarization repeatedly during natural decay at Earth's field. Application to real-time and continuous quality monitoring of hyperpolarized substances is discussed.

[1]  J. Blanchard,et al.  Zero- to Ultralow-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Enhanced with Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. , 2022, Analytical chemistry.

[2]  A. Capozzi.  Design and performance of a small bath cryostat with NMR capability for transport of hyperpolarized samples , 2022, Scientific Reports.

[3]  T. Kress,et al.  Frémy’s Salt as a Low-Persistence Hyperpolarization Agent: Efficient Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Plus Rapid Radical Scavenging , 2022, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[4]  R. Bowtell,et al.  Magnetoencephalography with optically pumped magnetometers (OPM-MEG): the next generation of functional neuroimaging , 2022, Trends in Neurosciences.

[5]  L. Parkkonen,et al.  Miniature Biplanar Coils for Alkali-Metal-Vapor Magnetometry , 2022, Physical Review Applied.

[6]  S. Jannin,et al.  Frozen water NMR lineshape analysis enables absolute polarization quantification. , 2022, Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP.

[7]  R. Gruetter,et al.  [13C]bicarbonate labelled from hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate is an in vivo marker of hepatic gluconeogenesis in fasted state , 2022, Communications Biology.

[8]  M. Mitchell,et al.  Decoupling of Spin Decoherence Paths near Zero Magnetic Field. , 2021, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[9]  C. Laustsen,et al.  Hyperpolarized MRI - An update and future perspectives. , 2021, Seminars in nuclear medicine.

[10]  K. Brindle,et al.  Labile photo-induced free radical in alpha-ketoglutaric acid: a universal endogenous polarizing agent for in vivo hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance. , 2021, Angewandte Chemie.

[11]  S. Jannin,et al.  Solid-State 1H Spin Polarimetry by 13CH3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance , 2021, Magnetic Resonance.

[12]  J. Blanchard,et al.  Hyperpolarized Solution-State NMR Spectroscopy with Optically Polarized Crystals. , 2021, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[13]  Albert P. Chen,et al.  Clinical translation of hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate and urea MRI for simultaneous metabolic and perfusion imaging , 2021, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

[14]  J. Ardenkjær-Larsen,et al.  Metabolic contrast agents produced from transported solid 13C-glucose hyperpolarized via dynamic nuclear polarization , 2021, Communications Chemistry.

[15]  C. Caldas,et al.  Metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate in patient-derived preclinical mouse models of breast cancer , 2021, STAR protocols.

[16]  F. Gallagher,et al.  The use of hyperpolarised 13C-MRI in clinical body imaging to probe cancer metabolism , 2021, British Journal of Cancer.

[17]  K. Keshari,et al.  Multi‐sample measurement of hyperpolarized pyruvate‐to‐lactate flux in melanoma cells , 2020, NMR in biomedicine.

[18]  M. Mitchell,et al.  Fast-field-cycling ultralow-field nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion , 2020, Nature Communications.

[19]  K. Brindle,et al.  Probing hepatic metabolism of [2-13C]dihydroxyacetone in vivo with 1H-decoupled hyperpolarized 13C-MR , 2020, Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine.

[20]  J. Blanchard,et al.  Rapid hyperpolarization and purification of the metabolite fumarate in aqueous solution , 2020, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[21]  I. Savukov,et al.  Detection of ultra-low field NMR signal with a commercial QuSpin single-beam atomic magnetometer. , 2020, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[22]  J. Ardenkjær-Larsen,et al.  Hyperpolarized water through dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization with UV-generated radicals , 2020, Communications Chemistry.

[23]  Evis Sala,et al.  Imaging breast cancer using hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI , 2020, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[24]  M. E. Limes,et al.  Portable Magnetometry for Detection of Biomagnetism in Ambient Environments , 2020 .

[25]  J. Blanchard,et al.  Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance J-spectroscopy with commercial atomic magnetometers. , 2019, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[26]  Matthew J. Brookes,et al.  Optically pumped magnetometers: From quantum origins to multi-channel magnetoencephalography , 2019, NeuroImage.

[27]  John Kurhanewicz,et al.  Hyperpolarized 13C MRI: State of the Art and Future Directions. , 2019, Radiology.

[28]  A. Comment,et al.  In Vivo Hyperpolarized 13C MRS and MRI Applications , 2018 .

[29]  Christoffer Laustsen,et al.  Hyperpolarized 13C MRI: Path to Clinical Translation in Oncology , 2018, Neoplasia.

[30]  Albert P. Chen,et al.  Sensitivity enhancement for detection of hyperpolarized 13C MRI probes with 1H spin coupling introduced by enzymatic transformation in vivo , 2018, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[31]  Szymon Pustelny,et al.  Invited Review Article: Instrumentation for nuclear magnetic resonance in zero and ultralow magnetic field. , 2017, The Review of scientific instruments.

[32]  G. Bodenhausen,et al.  Transportable hyperpolarized metabolites , 2017, Nature Communications.

[33]  M. Merritt,et al.  Measuring changes in substrate utilization in the myocardium in response to fasting using hyperpolarized [1-13C]butyrate and [1-13C]pyruvate , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[34]  G. Bodenhausen,et al.  Measuring absolute spin polarization in dissolution-DNP by Spin PolarimetrY Magnetic Resonance (SPY-MR). , 2015, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[35]  K. Brindle.  Imaging metabolism with hyperpolarized (13)C-labeled cell substrates. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[36]  M. Merritt,et al.  Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance as a Sensitive Detector of Metabolic Function , 2014, Biochemistry.

[37]  Geoffrey Bodenhausen,et al.  Hybrid polarizing solids for pure hyperpolarized liquids through dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization , 2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[38]  D. Budker,et al.  Ultra-low-field NMR relaxation and diffusion measurements using an optical magnetometer. , 2014, Angewandte Chemie.

[39]  I. Marco-Rius,et al.  Preserving hyperpolarised nuclear spin order to study cancer metabolism , 2014 .

[40]  Jean-Noël Hyacinthe,et al.  Hyperpolarization without persistent radicals for in vivo real-time metabolic imaging , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[41]  K. Brindle,et al.  Hyperpolarized singlet lifetimes of pyruvate in human blood and in the mouse , 2013, NMR in biomedicine.

[42]  L. Mitschang,et al.  Configuration and Performance of a Mobile 129Xe Polarizer , 2012, Applied magnetic resonance.

[43]  L. Mitschang,et al.  Configuration and Performance of a Mobile 129Xe Polarizer , 2012, Applied Magnetic Resonance.

[44]  Neil Clarke,et al.  Dynamic nuclear polarization polarizer for sterile use intent , 2011, NMR in biomedicine.

[45]  Craig R. Malloy,et al.  Hyperpolarized 13C allows a direct measure of flux through a single enzyme-catalyzed step by NMR , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[46]  Svenja Knappe,et al.  Subpicotesla atomic magnetometry with a microfabricated vapour cell , 2007 .

[47]  M. Romalis,et al.  NMR detection with an atomic magnetometer. , 2004, Physical review letters.

[48]  D. F. Kimball,et al.  Hyperpolarized xenon nuclear spins detected by optical atomic magnetometry. , 2004, Physical review letters.

[49]  J. Ardenkjær-Larsen,et al.  Increase in signal-to-noise ratio of > 10,000 times in liquid-state NMR , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.