Impact of electric vehicle chargers on harmonic levels in New Zealand

With the increasing uptake of new technologies such as electric vehicles (EVs), photovoltaic (PV) and wind generation, and LED lighting, there is a need to study their effect on the Power Quality (PQ) of the low voltage (LV) distribution network. These new technologies use power electronic converters which result in harmonics being injected into the AC network. In this paper the impact of EV chargers in terms of harmonic distortion is assessed. The complete LV (400V) network of a distribution company comprising 10,558 11kV to 415V transformers and their associated low voltage distribution feeders, is modelled; and the impact on harmonic levels is determined. The predicted harmonic levels are also considered in a case with photovoltaics and background harmonic distortion, and the levels are compared to the relevant PQ standards and guidelines. Finally, some guidance regarding the practical implications of this work is given.

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