Removal of Asbestiform Fibers by Water Filtration

both granular and DE filtration were filtration rate, seasonal conditions, and raw water turbidity. Other important variables in the granular filtration study were filtration with and without sedimentation, dual media vs mixed (tri-) media, doses and combinations of inorganic salts and organic polymers, single-stage vs multi-stage flash mixing, and flash-mix chambers vs in-line mixers. Variables important in the DE study were one-step vs two-step precoating, vacuum vs pressure filtration, DE condi-