Molecular characterization of Rifr mutations in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium

Abstract Mutation rate is an important factor affecting the appearance and spread of acquired antibiotic resistance. The frequencies and types of enterococci mutations were determined in this study. The MICs of rifampicin in enterococci and their rifampicin-resistant mutants were determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) agar dilution method. The Enterococcus faecalis isolates A15 and 18165 showed no significant differences in mutation frequencies or mutation rates. In Enterococcus faecium, the mutation frequency and mutation rate were both 6·4-fold lower than in E. faecalis. The spectrum of mutations characterized in E. faecium B42 differed significantly from that of E. faecalis. The types and rate of mutations indicated that E. faecalis had a higher potential to develop linezolid resistance. Rifampicin resistance was associated with mutations in the rpoB gene. Rifampicin MICs for the E. faecalis mutant were 2048 mg/l, but rifampicin MICs for E. faecium mutants ranged from 64 to 1024 mg/l.

[1]  Jiachang Cai,et al.  Linezolid-resistant clinical isolates of meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci and Enterococcus faecium from China. , 2012, Journal of medical microbiology.

[2]  A. Şener,et al.  [Linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium: the first G2576T mutation in Turkey]. , 2012, Mikrobiyoloji bulteni.

[3]  P. V. van Helden,et al.  Rifampicin reduces susceptibility to ofloxacin in rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis through efflux. , 2011, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[4]  J. Sillanpää,et al.  Importance of two Enterococcus faecium loci encoding Gls-like proteins for in vitro bile salts stress response and virulence. , 2011, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[5]  O. Holst,et al.  Serodiversity of Opsonic Antibodies against Enterococcus faecalis —Glycans of the Cell Wall Revisited , 2011, PloS one.

[6]  M. Kivisaar,et al.  Molecular characterization of Rif(r) mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida. , 2010, Mutation research.

[7]  S. Gillespie,et al.  The effect of oxidative stress on the mutation rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with impaired catalase/peroxidase function. , 2008, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[8]  M. Peng,et al.  Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia: comparison of clinical features and outcome between Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. , 2008, Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi.

[9]  David B. Huang,et al.  Biofilm formation by enterococci. , 2007, Journal of medical microbiology.

[10]  A. Andremont,et al.  Dose dependence of emergence of resistance to linezolid in Enterococcus faecalis in vivo. , 2007, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[11]  Jeffrey H. Miller,et al.  Mutagenesis and Repair in Bacillus anthracis: the Effect of Mutators , 2007, Journal of bacteriology.

[12]  E. Seeberg,et al.  Antimutator Role of DNA Glycosylase MutY in Pathogenic Neisseria Species , 2005, Journal of bacteriology.

[13]  W. Wackernagel,et al.  Impact of mutS Inactivation on Foreign DNA Acquisition by Natural Transformation in Pseudomonas stutzeri , 2005, Journal of bacteriology.

[14]  Jeffrey H. Miller,et al.  Polymerases Leave Fingerprints: Analysis of the Mutational Spectrum in Escherichia coli rpoB To Assess the Role of Polymerase IV in Spontaneous Mutation , 2004, Journal of bacteriology.

[15]  W. Nicholson,et al.  Novel rpoB Mutations Conferring Rifampin Resistance on Bacillus subtilis: Global Effects on Growth, Competence, Sporulation, and Germination , 2004, Journal of bacteriology.

[16]  Jeffrey H. Miller,et al.  Developing a genetic system in Deinococcus radiodurans for analyzing mutations. , 2004, Genetics.

[17]  P. Bennett,et al.  Rifampicin resistance and its fitness cost in Enterococcus faecium. , 2004, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[18]  O. Cars,et al.  Bacteria with increased mutation frequency and antibiotic resistance are enriched in the commensal flora of patients with high antibiotic usage. , 2003, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[19]  S. North,et al.  Mutations in the DNA Mismatch Repair Proteins MutS and MutL of Oxazolidinone-Resistant or -Susceptible Enterococcus faecium , 2003, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[20]  M. Blaser,et al.  Long-Term Persistence of Resistant Enterococcus Species after Antibiotics To Eradicate Helicobacter pylori , 2003, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[21]  Jeffrey H. Miller,et al.  Use of the rpoB gene to determine the specificity of base substitution mutations on the Escherichia coli chromosome. , 2003, DNA repair.

[22]  W. Nicholson,et al.  The Spectrum of Spontaneous Rifampin Resistance Mutations in the rpoB Gene of Bacillussubtilis 168 Spores Differs from That of Vegetative Cells and Resembles That of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , 2002, Journal of bacteriology.

[23]  Jeffrey H. Miller,et al.  Escherichia coli strains (ndk) lacking nucleoside diphosphate kinase are powerful mutators for base substitutions and frameshifts in mismatch-repair-deficient strains. , 2002, Genetics.

[24]  O. Berg,et al.  Mutation frequency and biological cost of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[25]  L. Peterson,et al.  Resistance to Linezolid: Characterization of Mutations in rRNA and Comparison of Their Occurrences in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci , 2001, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[26]  Ge Wang,et al.  Spontaneous Mutations That Confer Antibiotic Resistance inHelicobacter pylori , 2001, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[27]  J. T. Crawford,et al.  Characterization of Spontaneous, In Vitro-Selected, Rifampin-Resistant Mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosisStrain H37Rv , 2000, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[28]  F. Baquero,et al.  Mutation Frequencies and Antibiotic Resistance , 2000, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[29]  J. Drake.  A constant rate of spontaneous mutation in DNA-based microbes. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[30]  Mary Jane Ferraro,et al.  Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically : approved standard , 2000 .

[31]  M J Ferraro.  Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically : approved standard , 2000 .

[32]  P. Klatser,et al.  Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials Acquisition of Rifabutin Resistance by a Rifampicin Resistant Mutant of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Involves an Unusual Spectrum of Mutations and Elevated Frequency , 2022 .