Total albedo of Great Lakes ice

The total (0.3-3.0μ) albedo of various types of ice common to the Great Lakes ranged from 10% for clear ice to 46% for snow ice at solar altitudes ranging from 32 to 40 degrees. Explanations are given for similarities between the albedo of pancake (31%) and slush curd ice (32%), and slush (41%) and brash ice (41%).