Single Interrupt Control and Regenerative Braking of PMBLDC Motor for Electric Vehicles

Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors (PMBLDC) have been widely used in electrical vehicles as they provide high torque in starting and acceleration modes. Hall sensors are used for recognition of rotor position and 3-leg metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor bridge inverters are used for electronic commutation of the stator winding. In addition, when a microcontroller controls the PMBLDC motor, the hall sensors firing the appropriate switching devices need continuous monitoring. This demand puts a strain on the controller required for other tasks such as pulse width modulation management, speed control, direction command, measurement of speed, and simultaneous display of various performance parameters. To overcome these difficulties, a single interrupt-based commutation is proposed to generate an external interrupt for every hall sequence transition. In order to drive the bridge inverter efficiently, a new driver circuit has been designed with a TLP250 driver integrated circuit. Also, regenerative braking is proposed to extend the travelling range of the electric vehicle. The proposed regenerative braking is achieved by using either a hysteresis current controlled buck converter or an inverter with boost mode. The results obtained from the hardware setup of the proposed system are discussed.