Contribution and interaction of visual and vestibular cues for spatial updating in real and virtual environments

After each rotation, the subjects' task was to point without head movements "as quickly and accurately as possible" to four targets announced consecutively via headphones. Spatial updating performance was quantified in terms of response time and pointing error (absolute error and variance) in four different spatial updating conditions: (1) UPDATE: Subjects were simply rotated to a different orientation. (2) CONTROL: Subjects were rotated to a new orientation and immediately back to the original orientation before being asked to point. (3) IGNORE: Subjects were rotated to a different orientation, but asked to ignore that rotation and "point as if you had not turned”.h (4) IGNORE BACKMOTION: After each IGNORE condition, subjects were rotated back to the previous orientation.