Fluoro-organosulfur catholytes to boost lithium primary battery energy

Significance To widen the design space for advanced batteries, developing new electrochemical conversion reactions is challenging yet critical. Primary Li batteries have the highest energy densities among all battery technologies, owing to the successful exploitation of light-weight, non-transition-metal redox centers, and thus represent exemplary systems for maximizing energy storage in chemical bonds. Here, we report a novel class of fluoro-organosulfur catholyte that allows up to 8-e− transfer per molecule and boosts the energy of the leading Li primary battery chemistry (Li−CFx) by 20% based on electrode + electrolyte weight. More broadly, we illuminate an unpreceded electrochemical mechanism exploiting full defluorination of S–F bonds, opening new strategies to tailor S-based redox systems of broader relevance to the battery field.

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