Multilevel Methods and Statistics: The Next Frontier

The purpose of this article is to take stock of extant multilevel methodological and statistical work and highlight needed areas for future research. A basic overview of the history and progression...

[1]  Robert E. Ployhart,et al.  Context-Emergent Turnover (CET) Theory: A Theory of Collective Turnover , 2013 .

[2]  Laura M. Stapleton,et al.  On the Unnecessary Ubiquity of Hierarchical Linear Modeling , 2017, Psychological methods.

[3]  S. Kozlowski.  Advancing research on team process dynamics , 2015 .

[4]  D. Whetten.  What Constitutes a Theoretical Contribution , 1989 .

[5]  Paola Zappa,et al.  The Analysis of Multilevel Networks in Organizations , 2015 .

[6]  J. Mathieu,et al.  The Etiology of the Multilevel Paradigm in Management Research , 2011 .

[7]  Francis J. Yammarino,et al.  Dyads in Organizational Research: Conceptual Issues and Multilevel Analyses , 2011 .

[8]  David J. Ketchen,et al.  THE APPLICATION OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT RESEARCH: AN ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUE , 1996 .

[9]  J. Mathieu,et al.  Understanding and estimating the power to detect cross-level interaction effects in multilevel modeling. , 2012, The Journal of applied psychology.

[10]  Santo Fortunato,et al.  Community detection in networks: A user guide , 2016, ArXiv.

[11]  F. Yammarino,et al.  Multi Level Issues In Organizational Behavior And Leadership , 2009 .

[12]  J. Coleman.  Social Theory, Social Research, and a Theory of Action , 1986, American Journal of Sociology.

[13]  Arthur G. Bedeian,et al.  Cross-Level Inference and Organizational Research: Perspectives on Interpretation and Application , 1983 .

[14]  David Chan,et al.  Multilevel Methods , 2007 .

[15]  Matthew Semadeni,et al.  The perils of endogeneity and instrumental variables in strategy research: : Understanding through simulations , 2014 .

[16]  Paula Jarzabkowski,et al.  An Introduction to Video Methods in Organizational Research , 2018 .

[17]  William J. Haga,et al.  A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process , 1975 .

[18]  M. Hitt,et al.  Direct and Moderating Effects of Human Capital on Strategy and Performance in Professional Service Firms: A Resource-Based Perspective , 2001 .

[19]  Thomas P. Moliterno,et al.  Reflections on the micro–macro divide: Ideas from the trenches and moving forward , 2019 .

[20]  Mark S. Gilthorpe,et al.  A Multivariate Random Frailty Effects Model for Multiple Spatially Dependent Survival Data , 2012 .

[21]  Allen I. Huffcutt,et al.  A Review and Evaluation of Exploratory Factor Analysis Practices in Organizational Research , 2003 .

[22]  R. Axelrod.  Reviews book & software , 2022 .

[23]  H. Cordell.  Detecting gene–gene interactions that underlie human diseases , 2009, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[24]  Kristopher J Preacher,et al.  A general multilevel SEM framework for assessing multilevel mediation. , 2010, Psychological methods.

[25]  L. James,et al.  Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias. , 1984 .

[26]  M. Ronald Buckley,et al.  Into the Great Wide Open: Bridging the Micro–Macro Divide in the Organizational Sciences , 2011 .

[27]  Ajai S. Gaur,et al.  Methodological Advances in the Analysis of Bipartite Networks , 2013 .

[28]  Sendil K. Ethiraj,et al.  The Division of Gains from Complementarities in Human-Capital-Intensive Activity , 2011, Organ. Sci..

[29]  Samuel B. Bacharach,et al.  Organizational Theories: Some Criteria for Evaluation , 1989 .

[30]  Robert E. Ployhart,et al.  Bridging Methodological Divides Between Macro- and Microresearch: Endogeneity and Methods for Panel Data , 2020, Journal of Management.

[31]  Allison S. Gabriel,et al.  Looking within: An examination, combination, and extension of within-person methods across multiple levels of analysis. , 2019, The handbook of multilevel theory, measurement, and analysis..

[32]  Francis J. Yammarino,et al.  Multiple Levels of Analysis From a Longitudinal Perspective: Some Implications for Theory Building , 1999 .

[33]  Mark A. Griffin,et al.  Specifying organizational contexts: systematic links between contexts and processes in organizational behavior , 2007 .

[34]  James A Grand,et al.  The dynamics of team cognition: A process-oriented theory of knowledge emergence in teams. , 2016, The Journal of applied psychology.

[35]  Reuben Ablowitz,et al.  The Theory of Emergence , 1939, Philosophy of Science.

[36]  Chester A. Schriesheim,et al.  Benchmarking multilevel methods in leadership , 2002 .

[37]  A. Elghafghuf,et al.  Survival analysis of clinical mastitis data using a nested frailty Cox model fit as a mixed-effects Poisson model. , 2014, Preventive veterinary medicine.

[38]  J. Mathieu,et al.  Conceptual Framework and Statistical Procedures for Delineating and Testing Multilevel Theories of Homology , 2005 .

[39]  L. James,et al.  rwg: An assessment of within-group interrater agreement. , 1993 .

[40]  Frank A. Bosco,et al.  MetaBUS as a vehicle for facilitating meta-analysis , 2017 .

[41]  R. Coff,et al.  Invited Editorial: Drilling for Micro-Foundations of Human Capital–Based Competitive Advantages , 2011 .

[42]  Corinne A. Coen.  Simple but not simpler , 2009, Comput. Math. Organ. Theory.

[43]  M. Croon,et al.  Predicting group-level outcome variables from variables measured at the individual level: a latent variable multilevel model. , 2007, Psychological methods.

[44]  B. Boyd,et al.  Walking New Avenues in Management Research Methods and Theories: Bridging Micro and Macro Domains , 2011, Journal of Management.

[45]  J. Crutchfield.  The calculi of emergence: computation, dynamics and induction , 1994 .

[46]  Steve W J Kozlowski,et al.  Unpacking team process dynamics and emergent phenomena: Challenges, conceptual advances, and innovative methods. , 2018, The American psychologist.

[47]  J. Barney.  Strategic Factor Markets: Expectations, Luck, and Business Strategy , 1986 .

[48]  Robert E. Ployhart,et al.  Emergence of the Human Capital Resource: A Multilevel Model , 2011 .

[49]  P. Hanges,et al.  Latent Class Procedures: Applications to Organizational Research , 2011 .

[50]  Allan P. Jones,et al.  Psychological climate: Dimensions and relationships of individual and aggregated work environment perceptions☆ , 1979 .

[51]  Amir Pezeshkan,et al.  Psychological Safety : A Meta ‐ Analytic Review and Extension , 2018 .

[52]  Peter R. Monge,et al.  Network Theory | Multidimensional Networks and the Dynamics of Sociomateriality: Bringing Technology Inside the Network , 2011 .

[53]  Denise M. Rousseau,et al.  Reinforcing the Micro/Macro Bridge: Organizational Thinking and Pluralistic Vehicles , 2011 .

[54]  Herman Aguinis,et al.  First Decade of Organizational Research Methods , 2009 .

[55]  W. S. Robinson.  Ecological correlations and the behavior of individuals. , 1950, International journal of epidemiology.

[56]  T. Mitchell,et al.  Event System Theory: An Event-Oriented Approach to the Organizational Sciences , 2015 .

[57]  James A Grand,et al.  Capturing the multilevel dynamics of emergence , 2016 .

[58]  Peter A. Corning,et al.  The re-emergence of emergence, and the causal role of synergy in emergent evolution , 2012, Synthese.

[59]  Herman Aguinis,et al.  An Expanded Decision-Making Procedure for Examining Cross-Level Interaction Effects With Multilevel Modeling , 2015 .

[60]  Duanbing Chen,et al.  Vital nodes identification in complex networks , 2016, ArXiv.

[61]  K. Eisenhardt.  Building theories from case study research , 1989, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[62]  Vicente González-Romá,et al.  Multilevel Modeling: Research-Based Lessons for Substantive Researchers , 2017 .

[63]  J. Barney,et al.  What Are Microfoundations? , 2013 .

[64]  David Chan,et al.  Team-Level Constructs , 2019, Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior.

[65]  J. Mathieu,et al.  Multilevel emergence in work collectives. , 2019, The handbook of multilevel theory, measurement, and analysis..

[66]  S. Kozlowski,et al.  A disagreement about within-group agreement: Disentangling issues of consistency versus consensus. , 1992 .

[67]  L. James.  Aggregation Bias in Estimates of Perceptual Agreement. , 1982 .

[68]  E. Thorndike,et al.  On the Fallacy of Imputing the Correlations Found for Groups to the Individuals or Smaller Groups Composing Them , 1939 .

[69]  Alessandro Lomi,et al.  A model for the multiplex dynamics of two-mode and one-mode networks, with an application to employment preference, friendship, and advice , 2013, Soc. Networks.

[70]  David S. Ebert,et al.  Big Data Visualizations in Organizational Science , 2018 .

[71]  D. Hofmann,et al.  The Structure and Function of Collective Constructs: Implications for Multilevel Research and Theory Development , 1999 .

[72]  D. Chan.  Functional Relations among Constructs in the Same Content Domain at Different Levels of Analysis: A Typology of Composition Models , 1998 .

[73]  Andrew A. Bennett,et al.  It’s About Time , 2017 .

[74]  Kathleen M. Carley,et al.  Simulation modeling in organizational and management research , 2007 .

[75]  P. Bliese,et al.  Back to Basics with Mixed-Effects Models: Nine Take-Away Points , 2018 .

[76]  John E. Hunter,et al.  Interrater reliability coefficients cannot be computed when only one stimulus is rated. , 1989 .

[77]  Allison S. Gabriel,et al.  Experience Sampling Methods: A Discussion of Critical Trends and Considerations for Scholarly Advancement , 2018, Organizational Research Methods.

[78]  Tom A B Snijders,et al.  Representing Micro–Macro Linkages by Actor-based Dynamic Network Models , 2015, Sociological methods & research.

[79]  F. Yammarino,et al.  A new kind of organizational behavior , 2009 .

[80]  Kathleen M. Eisenhardt,et al.  Developing Theory Through Simulation Methods , 2006 .

[81]  Robert M. May,et al.  Simple mathematical models with very complicated dynamics , 1976, Nature.

[82]  Paul W. Beamish,et al.  Building Theoretical and Empirical Bridges Across Levels: Multilevel Research in Management , 2007 .

[83]  Michael T. Braun,et al.  Advancing Multilevel Research Design , 2013 .

[84]  Steve W. J. Kozlowski,et al.  The Dynamics of Emergence: Cognition and Cohesion in Work Teams , 2012 .

[85]  W. Van den Noortgate,et al.  Dropout in secondary education: an application of a multilevel discrete-time hazard model accounting for school changes , 2013 .

[86]  G. Firebaugh.  Assessing Group Effects , 1979 .

[87]  D. Annis.  Dyadic Data Analysis , 2007 .

[88]  David A. Hofmann.  An Overview of the Logic and Rationale of Hierarchical Linear Models , 1997 .

[89]  Matthew Semadeni,et al.  Sample selection bias and Heckman models in strategic management research , 2016 .

[90]  John E. Mathieu,et al.  A FRAMEWORK FOR CONDUCTING MULTI-LEVEL CONSTRUCT VALIDATION , 2005 .

[91]  Ralph A. Heidl,et al.  Knowledge, Networks, and Knowledge Networks , 2011 .

[92]  Thomas P. Moliterno,et al.  Network Theory of Organization: A Multilevel Approach , 2011 .

[93]  Peng Wang,et al.  Exponential random graph models for multilevel networks , 2013, Soc. Networks.

[94]  Paul D. Bliese,et al.  Being Both Too Liberal and Too Conservative: The Perils of Treating Grouped Data as though They Were Independent , 2004 .

[95]  James M. LeBreton,et al.  Just the two of us: misalignment of theory and methods in examining dyadic phenomena. , 2012, The Journal of applied psychology.

[96]  C. Fulmer,et al.  Convergence and emergence in organizations: An integrative framework and review , 2016 .

[97]  Yaneer Bar-Yam,et al.  From big data to important information , 2016, Complex..

[98]  Alessandro Lomi,et al.  Modeling Relational Events , 2014 .

[99]  Philippe Jacquart,et al.  On making causal claims: A review and recommendations , 2010 .

[100]  Pavel N Krivitsky,et al.  A separable model for dynamic networks , 2010, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology.

[101]  José F. Molina-Azorín,et al.  Using multilevel modeling and mixed methods to make theoretical progress in microfoundations for strategy research , 2015 .

[102]  Marlys K. Christianson.  Mapping the Terrain , 2018 .

[103]  Daniel J. Beal,et al.  ESM 2.0: State of the Art and Future Potential of Experience Sampling Methods in Organizational Research , 2015 .

[104]  D. Hofmann,et al.  Improving the Measurement of Group-Level Constructs by Optimizing Between-Group Differentiation , 2019, The Journal of applied psychology.

[105]  Shelley D. Dionne,et al.  The role of leadership in shared mental model convergence and team performance improvement: An agent-based computational model , 2010 .

[106]  F. Yammarino,et al.  Multi-level issues in evolutionary theory, organization science, and leadership , 2011 .

[107]  Jeffrey B. Vancouver,et al.  Modeling the Mind and the Milieu , 2012 .

[108]  Henry L. Tosi,et al.  Multilevel Theory Building: Benefits, Barriers, and New Developments , 1999 .

[109]  Herman Aguinis,et al.  Best-Practice Recommendations for Estimating Cross-Level Interaction Effects Using Multilevel Modeling , 2013 .

[110]  Roger Calantone,et al.  The Promise and Perils of Wearable Sensors in Organizational Research , 2017 .