Antigen and antibody detection assays for the diagnosis of tuberculosis

t Thiss study aimed to detect IgG antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in thee urin e of patients with tuberculosis, to investigate their possible role in the diagnosis off tuberculosis and their likely source (glomerular leakage or local production). Paired serumm and urine samples were obtained from ten patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, ninee patients with (pulmonary) diseases other than tuberculosis and ten healthy subjects.. Two different sources of antigens were used, a Trito n X-100 extract from M. tuberculosistuberculosis (Ag360) and a short term culture filtrat e from M. tuberculosis (Ag98). HaemophilusHaemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteri a were used as sources of controll antigens. Serum and urine IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA against all fourr antigen preparations. The levels of IgG antibodies in serum against antigens in both M.M. tuberculosis preparations were significantly higher in the group of TB patients than inn healthy subjects. However, it was not possible to discriminate between TB patients, patientss with other diseases and healthy subjects using urinar y IgG antibodies against eitherr antigen source. The pattern of IgG antibody levels in serum against Ag360, Ag98, H.H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae was compared with the urine pattern. The urine patternss differed from the serum patterns in many cases, especiall y in those with TB. Urine/serumm ratios of albumin, total IgG and anti-M. tuberculosis IgG were determined. Urinar yy IgG antibody levels to Ag360 and Ag98 were roughly 10-3 to 10-6 of serum levels.. The relative coefficient of urinar y excretion (RCE) of antibodies to Ag360 and Ag988 was defined as: [urine/serum ratio of IgG anti-Ag360 or Ag98] / [urine/serum ratio off total IgG]. For both antibodies (anti-Ag360 or Ag98) the mean RCE was < 1 in all threee groups, indicating that there was no local production of these anti-M. tuberculosis IgGG antibodies in the urinar y tract.

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