Control and optimisation for integration of plug-in vehicles in smart grid

The plug-in vehicles are one of the new participants in power systems. Mass roll-out of plug-in vehicles, on one hand, will significantly challenge the existing power system scheduling strategies and infrastructures. On the other hand, it will also create many opportunities for power-system operators or users. The aggregated energy capacity of a large number of plug-in vehicles can provide ancillary services to improve power system reliability and power quality, in addition to the environmental benefits in reducing emissions from the transportation sector. Advanced control and optimisation methods have been utilised to integrate plug-in vehicles with smart grid by providing optimal charging and discharging profiles. In this chapter, the key features of plug-in vehicles and their impacts on the grid are firstly detailed, followed by the review of state-of-the-art optimisation and control techniques which have been used in the plug-in vehicles scheduling. Then, a case study of unit commitment integrating plug-in vehicles is presented and numerical results are illustrated.