Internal exposure of the general population to DEHP and other phthalates--determination of secondary and primary phthalate monoester metabolites in urine.

[1]  R. L. Carter,et al.  IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans , 1980, IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans.

[2]  P. Albro,et al.  Determination of total phthalate in urine by gas chromatography. , 1984, Analytical chemistry.

[3]  P. Albro,et al.  Pharmacokinetics, interactions with macromolecules and species differences in metabolism of DEHP. , 1982, Environmental health perspectives.

[4]  J. Brock,et al.  Improved quantitative detection of 11 urinary phthalate metabolites in humans using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. , 2003, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[5]  H. Dirven,et al.  Determination of four metabolites of the plasticizer di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in human urine samples , 1993, International archives of occupational and environmental health.

[6]  H. Häring,et al.  Simultaneous analysis of the di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate metabolites 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid and 2-ethyl-3-oxohexanoic acid in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications.

[7]  H. Nau,et al.  Exposure of newborn infants to di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐phthalate and 2‐ ethylhexanoic acid following exchange transfusion with polyvinylchloride catheters , 1993, Transfusion.

[8]  Robert A. Meyers,et al.  Encyclopedia of environmental analysis and remediation , 1998 .

[9]  C Springall,et al.  A biomarker approach to measuring human dietary exposure to certain phthalate diesters , 2001, Food additives and contaminants.

[10]  J. Noordhoek,et al.  Effects of the peroxisome proliferator mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in primary hepatocyte cultures derived from rat, guinea pig, rabbit and monkey. Relationship between interspecies differences in biotransformation and peroxisome proliferating potencies. , 1993, Biochemical pharmacology.

[11]  P. Schmezer,et al.  Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. , 1989, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[12]  J. Brock,et al.  Quantitative detection of eight phthalate metabolites in human urine using HPLC-APCI-MS/MS. , 2000, Analytical chemistry.

[13]  C. Schlatter,et al.  Excretion and metabolism of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in man. , 1985, Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems.

[14]  J. Angerer,et al.  Monophthalates with Oxidized C5-Carbon in the Ester Chain: A Simple Synthetic Access to Two Major Metabolites of Bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate , 2002 .

[15]  A. Calafat,et al.  Assessing human exposure to phthalates using monoesters and their oxidized metabolites as biomarkers. , 2003, Environmental health perspectives.

[16]  M. E. Meek,et al.  Bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate: Evaluation of risks to health from environmental exposure in Canada , 1994 .

[17]  P. Albro,et al.  Chromatographic separation and quantitative determination of the metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from urine of laboratory animals. , 1982, Journal of chromatography.

[18]  E. Kastenbauer,et al.  Phthalates demonstrate genotoxicity on human mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract , 2000, Environmental and molecular mutagenesis.

[19]  Holger M Koch,et al.  An estimation of the daily intake of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and other phthalates in the general population. , 2003, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[20]  E. Kastenbauer,et al.  Genotoxicity of di-butyl-phthalate and di-iso-butyl-phthalate in human lymphocytes and mucosal cells. , 2001, Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis.

[21]  V. Valli,et al.  Subchronic oral toxicity of di-n-octyl phthalate and di(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate in the rat. , 1997, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[22]  J. Pirkle,et al.  Using biological monitoring to assess human exposure to priority toxicants. , 1995, Environmental health perspectives.

[23]  C. Klaassen,et al.  Testicular toxicity of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in young Sprague-Dawley rats. , 2002, Toxicology.

[24]  W. Kessler,et al.  No background concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in blood of rats , 2001, Archives of Toxicology.

[25]  J. Pirkle,et al.  Technical and scientific developments in exposure marker methodology. , 1994, Clinical chemistry.

[26]  K. Larsen Creatinine assay by a reaction-kinetic principle. , 1972, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[27]  L L Needham,et al.  Levels of seven urinary phthalate metabolites in a human reference population. , 2000, Environmental health perspectives.

[28]  G. Trimarchi,et al.  Oral toxicity of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate during pregnancy and suckling in the Long-Evans rat. , 1998, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[29]  P. Albro,et al.  Toxic potential of the plasticizer Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the context of its disposition and metabolism in primates and man. , 1982, Environmental health perspectives.

[30]  T. Breindahl,et al.  Plasticizers in total diet samples, baby food and infant formulae , 2000, Food additives and contaminants.

[31]  Biomonitoring and occupational medicine. Possibilities and limitations. , 1996, Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita.

[32]  M. Dalgaard,et al.  The acute effects of mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) on testes of prepubertal Wistar rats. , 2001, Toxicology letters.

[33]  F. Gottrand,et al.  High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in total parenteral nutrition and in plasma. , 2001, Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications.

[34]  D. Shen,et al.  High-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in human blood specimens. Problems of variable-extraction yield and the use of standard addition for calibration. , 1984, Journal of chromatography.

[35]  K. H. Pearson,et al.  Human Metabolism of Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate , 1982 .

[36]  S. M. Booker NTP center reports on phthalate concerns. , 2001, Environmental health perspectives.

[37]  J. Angerer,et al.  On-line clean-up by multidimensional liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for high throughput quantification of primary and secondary phthalate metabolites in human urine. , 2003, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[38]  K. Yano,et al.  Uptake of Phthalate Esters, Di(n-butyl)phthalate and Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, as Environmental Chemicals in Monkeys in Japan , 2000, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[39]  T. Mettang,et al.  Influence of Plasticizer-Free CAPD Bags and Tubings on Serum, Urine, and Dialysate Levels of Phthalic Acid Esters in CAPD Patients , 2000, Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis.