Pathophysiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy: A New Look at Ammonia

[1]  P. Desjardins,et al.  Loss of expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in acute hyperammonemia , 2002, Neurochemistry International.

[2]  R. Butterworth,et al.  Evidence for an Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter Deficit in Hepatic Encephalopathy , 1999, Neurochemical Research.

[3]  P. Desjardins,et al.  Portacaval anastomosis causes selective alterations of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor expression in rat brain and peripheral tissues , 1999, Neurochemistry International.

[4]  P. Ott,et al.  Cerebral herniation in patients with acute E liver failure is correlated with arterial ammonia concentration , 1999, Hepatology.

[5]  R. Butterworth Alterations of Neurotransmitter-Related Gene Expression in Human and Experimental Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy , 1998, Metabolic Brain Disease.

[6]  R. Butterworth,et al.  L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate in Experimental Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy: Therapeutic Efficacy and Mechanism of Action , 1998, Metabolic Brain Disease.

[7]  G. Kircheis,et al.  Therapeutic efficacy of L‐ornithine‐L‐aspartate infusions in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: Results of a placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study , 1997, Hepatology.

[8]  J. Hennig,et al.  Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with liver cirrhosis. , 1997, Gastroenterology.

[9]  N. Deutz,et al.  Cerebral Cortex Ammonia and Glutamine Metabolism During Liver Insufficiency‐Induced Hyperammonemia in the Rat , 1992, Journal of neurochemistry.

[10]  R. Hughes,et al.  Electron microscopic study of brain capillaries in cerebral edema from fulminant hepatic failure , 1992, Hepatology.

[11]  R. Butterworth,et al.  Ammonia and related amino acids in the pathogenesis of brain edema in acute ischemic liver failure in rats , 1992, Hepatology.

[12]  A. Lockwood,et al.  Cerebral Ammonia Metabolism in Patients with Severe Liver Disease and Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy , 1991, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[13]  G. Swart,et al.  Elevated protein requirements in cirrhosis of the liver investigated by whole body protein turnover studies. , 1988, Clinical science.

[14]  M. Norenberg Hepatic encephalopathy studies with astrocyte cultures , 1988 .

[15]  D. Ganger,et al.  Electron microscopic evaluation of brain edema in rabbits with galactosamine‐induced fulminant hepatic failure: Ultrastructure and integrity of the blood‐brain barrier , 1987, Hepatology.

[16]  R. Butterworth,et al.  Amino Acid Changes in Autopsied Brain Tissue from Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy , 1987, Journal of neurochemistry.

[17]  F. Plum,et al.  Biochemistry and physiology of brain ammonia. , 1987, Physiological reviews.

[18]  R. Butterworth,et al.  Ammonia: key factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. , 1987, Neurochemical pathology.

[19]  R. Butterworth,et al.  Cerebral aminoacids in portal-systemic encephalopathy: Lack of evidence for altered γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) function , 1986, Metabolic Brain Disease.

[20]  M. Norenberg,et al.  Morphologic Effects of Ammonia on Primary Astrocyte Cultures. I. Light Microscopic Studies , 1985, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology.

[21]  R. Butterworth,et al.  Amino acid changes in regions of the CNS in relation to function in experimental portal-systemic encephalopathy , 1984, Neurochemical Research.

[22]  B. Kendall,et al.  Neurological features and computed tomography of the brain in children with ornithine carbamoyl transferase deficiency. , 1983, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[23]  J. S. Laughlin,et al.  The dynamics of ammonia metabolism in man. Effects of liver disease and hyperammonemia. , 1979, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[24]  F. Plum,et al.  Effect of acute ammonia intoxication on cerebral metabolism in rats with portacaval shunts. , 1977, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[25]  W. J. Visek,et al.  BRAIN HISTOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR OF MICE INJECTED WITH UREASE , 1974, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology.

[26]  W. Summerskill,et al.  Ammonia production in the human colon. Effects of cleansing, neomycin and acetohydroxamic acid. , 1970, The New England journal of medicine.

[27]  C. S. Davidson,et al.  Reversible toxic manifestations in patients with cirrhosis of the liver given cation-exchange resins. , 1952, The New England journal of medicine.

[28]  M. Nencki,et al.  Die Eck'sche Fistel zwischen der unteren Hohlvene und der Pfortader und ihre Folgen für den Organismus , 1893, Archiv für experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie.

[29]  L. Zieve,et al.  Synergism between mercaptans and ammonia or fatty acids in the production of coma: a possible role for mercaptans in the pathogenesis of hepatic coma. , 1974, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.