Application of Au based nanomaterials in analytical science

Abstract Au based nanomaterials (AuNMs) are known to poessess many attractive features such as unique electrical, optical and catalytic properties as well as excellent biocompatibility. These outstanding characteristics make them promising candidates as the signal reporters, enhancement materials or others involved with bioassay, food safety and environmental monitoring. In this review, we summarize the current advancement on application of AuNMs in analytical sciences based on their local surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence and electrochemistry properties. Finally future development in this research area is also prospected.

[1]  M. Roushani,et al.  A highly selective and sensitive cocaine aptasensor based on covalent attachment of the aptamer-functionalized AuNPs onto nanocomposite as the support platform. , 2015, Analytica chimica acta.

[2]  Xiaodong Chen,et al.  A colorimetric logic gate based on free gold nanoparticles and the coordination strategy between melamine and mercury ions. , 2013, Chemical communications.

[3]  Zhiwei Zhu,et al.  Electrochemical DNAzyme sensor for lead based on amplification of DNA-Au bio-bar codes. , 2008, Analytical chemistry.

[4]  Christopher H Contag,et al.  A Raman-based endoscopic strategy for multiplexed molecular imaging , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[5]  Lehui Lu,et al.  A high-performance ytterbium-based nanoparticulate contrast agent for in vivo X-ray computed tomography imaging. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[6]  Taeghwan Hyeon,et al.  Nano‐Sized CT Contrast Agents , 2013, Advanced materials.

[7]  Bin Chen,et al.  Terpene Detection Based on Localized Surface Plasma Resonance of Thiolate-Modified Au Nanoparticles , 2013, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[8]  P. Patra,et al.  Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensitivity of Ag-Core Au-Shell Nanoparticles: Revealed by Bi-Analyte Method. , 2013, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[9]  C. Brennan,et al.  A Brain Tumor Molecular Imaging Strategy Using A New Triple-Modality MRI-Photoacoustic-Raman Nanoparticle , 2011, Nature Medicine.

[10]  Jean Bouchard,et al.  Chiral plasmonic films formed by gold nanorods and cellulose nanocrystals. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[11]  J. Yao,et al.  Fullerene hollow microspheres prepared by bubble-templates as sensitive and selective electrocatalytic sensor for biomolecules. , 2012, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[12]  Liguang Xu,et al.  Self-assembly of chiral nanoparticle pyramids with strong R/S optical activity. , 2012, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[13]  Baoxin Li,et al.  A universal strategy for visual chiral recognition of α-amino acids with L-tartaric acid-capped gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probes. , 2016, The Analyst.

[14]  Jonghwa Lee,et al.  Enhanced surface plasmon resonance by Au nanoparticles immobilized on a dielectric SiO2 layer on a gold surface. , 2009, Analytica chimica acta.

[15]  C. R. Raj,et al.  Naked eye sensing of melamine using rationally tailored gold nanoparticles: hydrogen-bonding and charge-transfer recognition. , 2011, The Analyst.

[16]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Supplementary Material (esi) for Chemical Communications Glutathione-bound Gold Nanoclusters for Selective-binding and Detection of Glutathione S-transferase-fusion Proteins from Cell Lysates Nc-based Isolation of Gst and Gst-tagged Proteins from Complex Samples , 2022 .

[17]  D. Pang,et al.  Quick-response magnetic nanospheres for rapid, efficient capture and sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells. , 2014, ACS nano.

[18]  Kagan Kerman,et al.  Gold nanoparticle-based electrochemical detection of protein phosphorylation. , 2007, Analytica chimica acta.

[19]  Catherine J. Murphy,et al.  Seeding Growth for Size Control of 5−40 nm Diameter Gold Nanoparticles , 2001 .

[20]  Feng Gao,et al.  Facile construction of a highly sensitive DNA biosensor by in-situ assembly of electro-active tags on hairpin-structured probe fragment , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[21]  Jinbin Liu,et al.  Toward a universal "adhesive nanosheet" for the assembly of multiple nanoparticles based on a protein-induced reduction/decoration of graphene oxide. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[22]  Xiaoyu Cao,et al.  Ultra-sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor based on signal amplification using gold nanoparticles modified with molybdenum disulfide, graphene and horseradish peroxidase , 2014, Microchimica Acta.

[23]  M. Grzelczak,et al.  Enzymatic modulation of gold nanorod growth and application to nerve gas detection , 2013 .

[24]  Bing Yan,et al.  SERS tags: novel optical nanoprobes for bioanalysis. , 2013, Chemical reviews.

[25]  Xiaosheng Liang,et al.  Colorimetric detection of melamine in complex matrices based on cysteamine-modified gold nanoparticles. , 2011, The Analyst.

[26]  Ismail Hakki Boyaci,et al.  Rapid and label‐free bacteria detection by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors , 2009, Biotechnology journal.

[27]  A. Imyim,et al.  Colorimetric detection of mercury(II) based on gold nanoparticles, fluorescent gold nanoclusters and other gold-based nanomaterials , 2015 .

[28]  Zhilin Yang,et al.  Multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2-Au Satellite Structured SERS Probe for Charge Selective Detection of Food Dyes. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[29]  Xingyu Jiang,et al.  A plasmonic nanosensor for immunoassay via enzyme-triggered click chemistry. , 2014, ACS nano.

[30]  Daniel Quesada-González,et al.  Nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensors. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[31]  Yung Doug Suh,et al.  Nanogap-engineerable Raman-active nanodumbbells for single-molecule detection. , 2010, Nature materials.

[32]  Lingzhou Zhao,et al.  Ultrastable polyethyleneimine-stabilized gold nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol for blood pool, lymph node and tumor CT imaging. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[33]  Jiao Gao,et al.  Highly sensitive detection of clenbuterol using competitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering immunoassay. , 2011, Analytica chimica acta.

[34]  Christopher J. Kiely,et al.  Synthesis and reactions of functionalised gold nanoparticles , 1995 .

[35]  J. Choo,et al.  Highly sensitive SERS-based immunoassay of aflatoxin B1 using silica-encapsulated hollow gold nanoparticles. , 2015, Journal of hazardous materials.

[36]  V. Marchesano,et al.  Imaging inward and outward trafficking of gold nanoparticles in whole animals. , 2013, ACS nano.

[37]  Ahsan Munir,et al.  Aptamer-Au NPs conjugates-enhanced SPR sensing for the ultrasensitive sandwich immunoassay. , 2009, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[38]  Yujian He,et al.  Antibody-free colorimetric determination of total aflatoxins by mercury(II)-mediated aggregation of lysine-functionalized gold nanoparticles , 2016, Microchimica Acta.

[39]  Alberto Escarpa,et al.  Gold Nanoparticles-based Extraction-Free Colorimetric Assay in Organic Media: An Optical Index for Determination of Total Polyphenols in Fat-Rich Samples. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[40]  Yi Xiao,et al.  Aptamer-functionalized Au nanoparticles for the amplified optical detection of thrombin. , 2004, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[41]  R. Dickson,et al.  High quantum yield blue emission from water-soluble Au8 nanodots. , 2003, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[42]  Xin Cai,et al.  Comparison study of gold nanohexapods, nanorods, and nanocages for photothermal cancer treatment. , 2013, ACS nano.

[43]  P. Kamat,et al.  Making Gold Nanoparticles Glow: Enhanced Emission from a Surface-Bound Fluoroprobe , 2000 .

[44]  Yibin Ying,et al.  Monitoring of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food samples using lectin based surface plasmon resonance biosensor. , 2013, Food chemistry.

[45]  T. Mukherjee,et al.  High-yield synthesis of multispiked gold nanoparticles: Characterization and catalytic reactions , 2012 .

[46]  Jian Wang,et al.  End-to-end assembly of gold nanorods by means of oligonucleotide-mercury(II) molecular recognition. , 2010, Chemical communications.

[47]  Huan‐Tsung Chang,et al.  Detection of mercury(II) ions using colorimetric gold nanoparticles on paper-based analytical devices. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[48]  S. Bell,et al.  Quantitative surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. , 2008, Chemical Society reviews.

[49]  Olivier Beuf,et al.  Design of Gold Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging , 2006 .

[50]  Yi Lu,et al.  DNA-Encoded Tuning of Geometric and Plasmonic Properties of Nanoparticles Growing from Gold Nanorod Seeds. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[51]  D. Astruc,et al.  Gold nanoparticles: assembly, supramolecular chemistry, quantum-size-related properties, and applications toward biology, catalysis, and nanotechnology. , 2004, Chemical reviews.

[52]  Hong Zhao,et al.  Sensitive immunoassay for the β-agonist ractopamine based on glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a film of poly-arginine , 2014, Microchimica Acta.

[53]  Kyungmin Ham,et al.  Millifluidics for time-resolved mapping of the growth of gold nanostructures. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[54]  Wing-Cheung Law,et al.  Sensitivity improved surface plasmon resonance biosensor for cancer biomarker detection based on plasmonic enhancement. , 2011, ACS nano.

[55]  Mingwu Shen,et al.  Facile formation of dendrimer-stabilized gold nanoparticles modified with diatrizoic acid for enhanced computed tomography imaging applications. , 2012, Nanoscale.

[56]  Ashraf Ibrahim,et al.  Gold biomineralization by a metallophore from a gold-associated microbe. , 2013, Nature chemical biology.

[57]  Xiang-qun Guo,et al.  Facile one-pot synthesis of near-infrared luminescent gold nanoparticles for sensing copper (II) , 2011, Nanotechnology.

[58]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Using protein-encapsulated gold nanoclusters as photoluminescent sensing probes for biomolecules. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[59]  Bowen Zhu,et al.  Urine for plasmonic nanoparticle-based colorimetric detection of mercury ion. , 2013, Small.

[60]  Nianqiang Wu,et al.  Detection of mercury(II) by quantum dot/DNA/gold nanoparticle ensemble based nanosensor via nanometal surface energy transfer. , 2011, Analytical chemistry.

[61]  Dayong Jin,et al.  Controlling upconversion nanocrystals for emerging applications. , 2015, Nature nanotechnology.

[62]  Chia-Chen Chang,et al.  An amplified surface plasmon resonance "turn-on" sensor for mercury ion using gold nanoparticles. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[63]  S. Ai,et al.  Selective determination of melamine in milk samples using 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate-modified gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probe. , 2011, Talanta.

[64]  E. Kharasch,et al.  Off-Resonant Gold Superstructures as Ultrabright Minimally Invasive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Probes , 2015 .

[65]  D. Cliffel,et al.  Electrochemical sensors and biosensors. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[66]  E. Romagnoli,et al.  Several approaches for vitamin D determination by surface plasmon resonance and electrochemical affinity biosensors. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[67]  Yi Wang,et al.  Bacterial pathogen surface plasmon resonance biosensor advanced by long range surface plasmons and magnetic nanoparticle assays. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[68]  C. Mirkin,et al.  Scanometric DNA array detection with nanoparticle probes. , 2000, Science.

[69]  Jean-Francois Masson,et al.  Modern surface plasmon resonance for bioanalytics and biophysics. , 2013, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[70]  Xiaodong Chen,et al.  Colorimetric Detection of Creatinine Based on Plasmonic Nanoparticles via Synergistic Coordination Chemistry. , 2015, Small.

[71]  Zusing Yang,et al.  Synthesis of highly fluorescent gold nanoparticles for sensing mercury(II). , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[72]  H. Ho,et al.  Nanomaterials enhanced surface plasmon resonance for biological and chemical sensing applications. , 2014, Chemical Society reviews.

[73]  Xiaodong Chen,et al.  Colorimetric chemodosimeter based on diazonium-gold-nanoparticle complexes for sulfite ion detection in solution. , 2012, Small.

[74]  Zhiyuan Zeng,et al.  Solution-phase epitaxial growth of noble metal nanostructures on dispersible single-layer molybdenum disulfide nanosheets , 2013, Nature Communications.

[75]  G. Lu,et al.  Monodisperse yolk-shell nanoparticles with a hierarchical porous structure for delivery vehicles and nanoreactors. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[76]  M. Engelhard,et al.  Surface plasmon mediated chemical solution deposition of gold nanoparticles on a nanostructured silver surface at room temperature. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[77]  Xianmao Lu,et al.  Highly Symmetric Gold Nanostars: Crystallographic Control and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Property. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[78]  Yi Lu,et al.  A dual-emission fluorescent nanocomplex of gold-cluster-decorated silica particles for live cell imaging of highly reactive oxygen species. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[79]  Jaeyoung Lee,et al.  Nanoparticle-enhanced surface plasmon resonance detection of proteins at attomolar concentrations: comparing different nanoparticle shapes and sizes. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[80]  Novel gas chromatographic detector utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance of a gold nanoparticle monolayer inside a glass capillary. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[81]  Cheng Zhang,et al.  Dynamically Arranging Gold Nanoparticles on DNA Origami for Molecular Logic Gates. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[82]  Zong-Hong Lin,et al.  Bioconjugated gold nanodots and nanoparticles for protein assays based on photoluminescence quenching. , 2008, Analytical chemistry.

[83]  Daohong Zhang,et al.  Highly sensitive and selective colorimetric detection of cartap residue in agricultural products. , 2012, Talanta.

[84]  Xingyu Jiang,et al.  Microfluidic Synthesis of Hybrid Nanoparticles with Controlled Lipid Layers: Understanding Flexibility-Regulated Cell-Nanoparticle Interaction. , 2015, ACS nano.

[85]  Hong Zhao,et al.  Colorimetric detection of Cd2+ using gold nanoparticles cofunctionalized with 6-mercaptonicotinic acid and L-cysteine. , 2011, The Analyst.

[86]  J. Weaver,et al.  Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Mimic Catalytic Activity of a Polysiloxane‐Synthesizing Enzyme , 2005 .

[87]  Yi Lu,et al.  DNA as a Powerful Tool for Morphology Control, Spatial Positioning, and Dynamic Assembly of Nanoparticles , 2014, Accounts of chemical research.

[88]  Guobao Xu,et al.  Synthesis of convex hexoctahedral palladium@gold core-shell nanocrystals with {431} high-index facets with remarkable electrochemiluminescence activities. , 2014, ACS nano.

[89]  M. El-Sayed,et al.  Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. , 2005, Chemical reviews.

[90]  H. Byun,et al.  Sunlight-induced synthesis of various gold nanoparticles and their heterogeneous catalytic properties on a paper-based substrate. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[91]  Zhe Wang,et al.  Biodegradable gold nanovesicles with an ultrastrong plasmonic coupling effect for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[92]  Youju Huang,et al.  Covalently capped seed-mediated growth: a unique approach toward hierarchical growth of gold nanocrystals. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[93]  Luis M Liz-Marzán,et al.  Plasmonic nanosensors with inverse sensitivity by means of enzyme-guided crystal growth. , 2018, Nature materials.

[94]  Longhua Tang,et al.  Discovery of the DNA "genetic code" for abiological gold nanoparticle morphologies. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[95]  C. Fan,et al.  Shape-controlled gold nanoparticles supported on MoS₂ nanosheets: synergistic effect of thionine and MoS₂ and their application for electrochemical label-free immunosensing. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[96]  Yang Wang,et al.  Amperometric detection of dopamine in human serum by electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles doped molecularly imprinted polymers. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[97]  Giorgio Margaritondo,et al.  Gold nanoparticles as high-resolution X-ray imaging contrast agents for the analysis of tumor-related micro-vasculature , 2012, Journal of Nanobiotechnology.

[98]  J. Homola.  Surface plasmon resonance sensors for detection of chemical and biological species. , 2008, Chemical reviews.

[99]  Pranjal Chandra,et al.  Label-free detection of kanamycin based on the aptamer-functionalized conducting polymer/gold nanocomposite. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[100]  Vincent M. Rotello,et al.  Multimodal drug delivery using gold nanoparticles. , 2009, Nanoscale.

[101]  Xiaoqian Tang,et al.  Multi-component immunochromatographic assay for simultaneous detection of aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in agro-food. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[102]  Hao Zhang,et al.  Thermal-induced surface plasmon band shift of gold nanoparticle monolayer: morphology and refractive index sensitivity , 2010, Nanotechnology.

[103]  Christoph Weder,et al.  Fluorescent sensors for the detection of chemical warfare agents. , 2007, Chemistry.

[104]  Yan Wang,et al.  Dual Reaction-Based Multimodal Assay for Dopamine with High Sensitivity and Selectivity Using Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[105]  Shuping Xu,et al.  A rapid phase transfer method for nanoparticles using alkylamine stabilizers. , 2010, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[106]  W. Tseng,et al.  Sinapinic acid-directed synthesis of gold nanoclusters and their application to quantitative matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[107]  Jianping Xie,et al.  Protein-directed synthesis of highly fluorescent gold nanoclusters. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[108]  G. Coukos,et al.  An ultra-sensitive impedimetric immunosensor for detection of the serum oncomarker CA-125 in ovarian cancer patients. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[109]  Matthew Thompson,et al.  Silver nanoparticles on a plastic platform for localized surface plasmon resonance biosensing. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[110]  H. R. Wilson,et al.  Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: Molecular Structure of Deoxypentose Nucleic Acids , 1953, Nature.

[111]  Zhening Zhu,et al.  Conformation modulated optical activity enhancement in chiral cysteine and au nanorod assemblies. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[112]  Catherine J. Murphy,et al.  Evidence for Seed-Mediated Nucleation in the Chemical Reduction of Gold Salts to Gold Nanoparticles , 2001 .

[113]  Yunsheng Xia,et al.  Enzymatic reaction modulated gold nanorod end-to-end self-assembly for ultrahigh sensitively colorimetric sensing of cholinesterase and organophosphate pesticides in human blood. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[114]  Robert C. Triulzi,et al.  Immunoasssay based on the antibody-conjugated PAMAM-dendrimer-gold quantum dot complex. , 2006, Chemical communications.

[115]  J. Storhoff,et al.  Selective colorimetric detection of polynucleotides based on the distance-dependent optical properties of gold nanoparticles. , 1997, Science.

[116]  Gang Niu,et al.  Acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis allows ultrasensitive detection of pathogens with the naked eye. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[117]  Lijun Wu,et al.  Comparison of photoluminescence quantum yield of single gold nanobipyramids and gold nanorods. , 2015, ACS nano.

[118]  Chunjiao Zhou,et al.  SPR quantitative analysis of direct detection of atrazine traces on Au-nanoparticles: Nanoparticles size effect , 2015 .

[119]  Christy L. Haynes,et al.  Rapid and Sensitive in Situ SERS Detection Using Dielectrophoresis , 2014 .

[120]  S. de Saeger,et al.  Multiplex lateral flow immunoassay for mycotoxin determination. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[121]  Z. Lu,et al.  Adjusting the inter-particle spacing of a nanoparticle array at the sub-nanometre scale by thermal annealing. , 2014, Chemical communications.

[122]  Liguang Xu,et al.  Dual-Mode Ultrasensitive Quantification of MicroRNA in Living Cells by Chiroplasmonic Nanopyramids Self-Assembled from Gold and Upconversion Nanoparticles. , 2016, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[123]  Zhenghua Tang,et al.  Synthesis and structural determination of multidentate 2,3-dithiol-stabilized Au clusters. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[124]  Ch. Wöll,et al.  Fabrication of SPR Nanosensor Using Gold Nanoparticles and Self-Assembled Monolayer Technique for Detection of Cu2+ in an Aqueous Solution , 2014 .

[125]  Gabriel A Silva,et al.  Characterization of the functional binding properties of antibody conjugated quantum dots. , 2007, Nano letters.

[126]  Yinzhi Zhang,et al.  Development and application of 3-chloro-1,2-propandiol electrochemical sensor based on a polyaminothiophenol modified molecularly imprinted film. , 2014, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[127]  P. He,et al.  A new amplification strategy for ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor with network-like thiocyanuric acid/gold nanoparticles. , 2007, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[128]  L. Lechuga,et al.  LSPR-based nanobiosensors , 2009 .

[129]  Sadia Afrin Khan,et al.  Gold nano-popcorn-based targeted diagnosis, nanotherapy treatment, and in situ monitoring of photothermal therapy response of prostate cancer cells using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[130]  Jiaqi Lin,et al.  Penetration of lipid membranes by gold nanoparticles: insights into cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and their relationship. , 2010, ACS nano.

[131]  T. Čižmár,et al.  Bidirectional optical sorting of gold nanoparticles. , 2012, Nano letters.

[132]  Shana O Kelley,et al.  Protein detection using arrayed microsensor chips: tuning sensor footprint to achieve ultrasensitive readout of CA-125 in serum and whole blood. , 2011, Analytical chemistry.

[133]  N. Kotov,et al.  Nonexclusive fluorescent sensing for L/D enantiomers enabled by dynamic nanoparticle-nanorod assemblies. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[134]  Nicholas A. Kotov,et al.  Layer-by-Layer Assembled Mixed Spherical and Planar Gold Nanoparticles: Control of Interparticle Interactions , 2002 .

[135]  Ick Chan Kwon,et al.  Multifunctional nanoparticles for multimodal imaging and theragnosis. , 2012, Chemical Society reviews.

[136]  Thomas Bürgi,et al.  Chiral N-isobutyryl-cysteine protected gold nanoparticles: preparation, size selection, and optical activity in the UV-vis and infrared. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[137]  F. Zhao,et al.  Synthesis of water-compatible surface-imprinted polymer via click chemistry and RAFT precipitation polymerization for highly selective and sensitive electrochemical assay of fenitrothion. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[138]  Rongrong Liu,et al.  A simple and specific assay for real-time colorimetric visualization of beta-lactamase activity by using gold nanoparticles. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[139]  Juan Tang,et al.  Enzyme-free electrochemical immunoassay with catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol and recycling of p-aminophenol using gold nanoparticles-coated carbon nanotubes as nanocatalysts. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[140]  Yunqing Ma,et al.  Disposable nucleic acid biosensors based on gold nanoparticle probes and lateral flow strip. , 2009, Analytical chemistry.

[141]  Xiaohui Qiu,et al.  Superstructures and SERS properties of gold nanocrystals with different shapes. , 2011, Angewandte Chemie.

[142]  S. Yao,et al.  Ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor for thrombin based on the amplification of aptamer-AuNPs-HRP conjugates. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[143]  Younan Xia,et al.  Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles , 2002, Science.

[144]  Hao Yan,et al.  DNA-origami-directed self-assembly of discrete silver-nanoparticle architectures. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[145]  K. G. Thomas,et al.  Functionalized gold nanoparticles as phosphorescent nanomaterials and sensors. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[146]  Nisha Shukla,et al.  Enantioselective separation on chiral Au nanoparticles. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[147]  Jeffrey N. Anker,et al.  Biosensing with plasmonic nanosensors. , 2008, Nature materials.

[148]  Prabir K. Dutta,et al.  Examination of Au/SnO2 core-shell architecture nanoparticle for low temperature gas sensing applications , 2011 .

[149]  Z. Tang,et al.  Selective synthesis of single-crystalline rhombic dodecahedral, octahedral, and cubic gold nanocrystals. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[150]  Ying Wang,et al.  Fabrication of an effective electrochemical platform based on graphene and AuNPs for high sensitive detection of trace Cu2 , 2014 .

[151]  Matthew D. Arnold,et al.  Sensors based on monochromatic interrogation of a localised surface plasmon resonance , 2010 .

[152]  N. Kotov,et al.  Unexpected chirality of nanoparticle dimers and ultrasensitive chiroplasmonic bioanalysis. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[153]  Chunhai Fan,et al.  Direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase and a biosensor for glucose based on a glass carbon electrode modified with MoS2 nanosheets decorated with gold nanoparticles , 2014, Microchimica Acta.

[154]  Yang Li,et al.  Disposable biosensor based on graphene oxide conjugated with tyrosinase assembled gold nanoparticles. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[155]  C. Fan,et al.  Nano rolling-circle amplification for enhanced SERS hot spots in protein microarray analysis. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[156]  Jie Chao,et al.  Dual-Target Electrochemical Biosensing Based on DNA Structural Switching on Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated MoS2 Nanosheets. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[157]  Kevin W Plaxco,et al.  A reagentless signal-on architecture for electronic, aptamer-based sensors via target-induced strand displacement. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[158]  Xingyu Jiang,et al.  Gold nanoparticles for the colorimetric and fluorescent detection of ions and small organic molecules. , 2011, Nanoscale.

[159]  F. Sánchez-Baeza,et al.  Nanogold probe enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance immunosensor for improved detection of antibiotic residues. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[160]  Rebecca Richards-Kortum,et al.  Optical molecular imaging agents for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. , 2006, Nanomedicine.

[161]  Qinglin Sheng,et al.  DNA as a linker for biocatalytic deposition of Au nanoparticles on graphene and its application in glucose detection , 2011 .

[162]  Yan Gao,et al.  Reversible plasmonic circular dichroism of Au nanorod and DNA assemblies. , 2012, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[163]  Xiangjun Li,et al.  Colorimetric sensing of clenbuterol using gold nanoparticles in the presence of melamine. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[164]  Yi Lu,et al.  Time-dependent, protein-directed growth of gold nanoparticles within a single crystal of lysozyme. , 2011, Nature nanotechnology.

[165]  Warren C W Chan,et al.  A plasmonic DNAzyme strategy for point-of-care genetic detection of infectious pathogens. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[166]  Luis M Liz-Marzán,et al.  Hierarchical self-assembly of gold nanoparticles into patterned plasmonic nanostructures. , 2014, ACS nano.

[167]  Tianshu Zhou,et al.  A novel electrochemical sensor for determination of dopamine based on AuNPs@SiO2 core-shell imprinted composite. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[168]  Weihong Tan,et al.  DNA-Functionalized Nanotube Membranes with Single-Base Mismatch Selectivity , 2004, Science.

[169]  P. Yáñez‐Sedeño,et al.  Multiplexed determination of human growth hormone and prolactin at a label free electrochemical immunosensor using dual carbon nanotube-screen printed electrodes modified with gold and PEDOT nanoparticles. , 2014, The Analyst.

[170]  S. Banerjee,et al.  Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality and Uniform Graphene Films on Copper Foils , 2009, Science.

[171]  Z. Chen,et al.  A sensitive signal-on electrochemical assay for MTase activity using AuNPs amplification. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[172]  Mo Liang,et al.  Graphene sheets, polyaniline and AuNPs based DNA sensor for electrochemical determination of BCR/ABL fusion gene with functional hairpin probe. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[173]  Cheng Li,et al.  Visual and microplate detection of aflatoxin B2 based on NaCl-induced aggregation of aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles , 2015, Microchimica Acta.

[174]  Xiaohua Huang,et al.  Cancer cell imaging and photothermal therapy in the near-infrared region by using gold nanorods. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[175]  Daohong Zhang,et al.  DNA-mediated gold nanoparticle signal transducers for combinatorial logic operations and heavy metal ions sensing. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[176]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy , 2010, Nature.

[177]  Zhi‐Feng Zhang,et al.  Multichannel electrochemiluminescence of luminol in neutral and alkaline aqueous solutions on a gold nanoparticle self-assembled electrode. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[178]  Lei Guo,et al.  A simple, label-free AuNPs-based colorimetric ultrasensitive detection of nerve agents and highly toxic organophosphate pesticide. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[179]  Samuel S. R. Dasary,et al.  Gold nanoparticle based label-free SERS probe for ultrasensitive and selective detection of trinitrotoluene. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[180]  Hyoyoung Lee,et al.  Nonvolatile memory device using gold nanoparticles covalently bound to reduced graphene oxide. , 2011, ACS nano.

[181]  Yung Doug Suh,et al.  Thiolated DNA-based chemistry and control in the structure and optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticles with ultrasmall interior nanogap. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[182]  N. Wu,et al.  Three-dimensional hierarchical plasmonic nano-architecture enhanced surface-enhanced Raman scattering immunosensor for cancer biomarker detection in blood plasma. , 2013, ACS nano.

[183]  G. Nienhaus,et al.  Ultra-small fluorescent metal nanoclusters: Synthesis and biological applications , 2011 .

[184]  Guichi Zhu,et al.  Highly sensitive detection of zearalenone in feed samples using competitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering immunoassay. , 2014, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[185]  Ben M. Maoz,et al.  Chirality and chiroptical effects in inorganic nanocrystal systems with plasmon and exciton resonances. , 2013, Chemical Society reviews.

[186]  Liang Yuan,et al.  Digitizing Gold Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric Assay by Imaging and Counting Single Nanoparticles. , 2016, Analytical chemistry.

[187]  J. Nam,et al.  Plasmonic nanosnowmen with a conductive junction as highly tunable nanoantenna structures and sensitive, quantitative and multiplexable surface-enhanced Raman scattering probes. , 2014, Nano letters.

[188]  I. Willner,et al.  Catalytic growth of Au nanoparticles by NAD(P)H cofactors: optical sensors for NAD(P)+-dependent biocatalyzed transformations. , 2004, Angewandte Chemie.

[189]  Jianzhong Shen,et al.  Quantification of proteins by functionalized gold nanoparticles using click chemistry. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[190]  A. Wu,et al.  Improved SERS Nanoparticles for Direct Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Blood. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[191]  Malin Premaratne,et al.  Plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles for SERS detection of the pesticide thiram: size- and shape-dependent Raman enhancement. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[192]  Arben Merkoçi,et al.  All-integrated and highly sensitive paper based device with sample treatment platform for Cd2+ immunodetection in drinking/tap waters. , 2013, Analytical chemistry.

[193]  S. Nitti,et al.  Exocytosis of peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles in endothelial cells. , 2012, Nanoscale.

[194]  Peilong Wang,et al.  Advancements of molecularly imprinted polymers in the food safety field. , 2016, The Analyst.

[195]  Guobao Xu,et al.  Synthesis and applications of noble metal nanocrystals with high-energy facets , 2012 .

[196]  R. Whetten,et al.  Giant Gold−Glutathione Cluster Compounds: Intense Optical Activity in Metal-Based Transitions , 2000 .

[197]  Giuseppe Schettino,et al.  Imaging and radiation effects of gold nanoparticles in tumour cells , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[198]  N. Miura,et al.  Recent advancements in surface plasmon resonance immunosensors for detection of small molecules of biomedical, food and environmental interest , 2007 .

[199]  Yanyan Guo,et al.  Size-Tuning Ionization To Optimize Gold Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Enhanced CT Imaging and Radiotherapy. , 2016, ACS nano.

[200]  K. G. Thomas,et al.  Selective detection of cysteine and glutathione using gold nanorods. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[201]  A. M. Escuela,et al.  Indirect competitive immunoassay for the detection of fungicide Thiabendazole in whole orange samples by Surface Plasmon Resonance. , 2012, The Analyst.

[202]  Jinghua Yu,et al.  Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence immunosensor based on nanoporous gold electrode and Ru-AuNPs/graphene as signal labels , 2013 .

[203]  Kemin Wang,et al.  Enhanced surface plasmon resonance with the modified catalytic growth of Au nanoparticles. , 2007, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[204]  Heyou Han,et al.  A SERS-based immunoassay for porcine circovirus type 2 using multi-branched gold nanoparticles , 2013, Microchimica Acta.

[205]  Tim Liedl,et al.  Plasmonic DNA-origami nanoantennas for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. , 2014, Nano letters.

[206]  T. Park,et al.  A facile and sensitive detection of organophosphorus chemicals by rapid aggregation of gold nanoparticles using organic compounds. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[207]  Y. Cho,et al.  Charge-selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering using silver and gold nanoparticles deposited on silicon-carbon core-shell nanowires. , 2012, ACS nano.

[208]  Chad A Mirkin,et al.  Colorimetric detection of mercuric ion (Hg2+) in aqueous media using DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[209]  Liguang Xu,et al.  Attomolar DNA detection with chiral nanorod assemblies , 2013, Nature Communications.

[210]  Xiangjun Li,et al.  Colorimetric detection of melamine during the formation of gold nanoparticles. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[211]  Mathieu Kociak,et al.  Zeptomol detection through controlled ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[212]  Steven R. Emory,et al.  Probing Single Molecules and Single Nanoparticles by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering , 1997, Science.

[213]  G. Haran.  Single-molecule Raman spectroscopy: a probe of surface dynamics and plasmonic fields. , 2010, Accounts of chemical research.

[214]  Mohamed M. Chehimi,et al.  Design of molecularly imprinted polymer grafts with embedded gold nanoparticles through the interfacial chemistry of aryl diazonium salts , 2011 .

[215]  Snober Ahmed,et al.  Single-Digit Pathogen and Attomolar Detection with the Naked Eye Using Liposome-Amplified Plasmonic Immunoassay. , 2015, Nano letters.

[216]  N. Erathodiyil,et al.  Functionalization of inorganic nanoparticles for bioimaging applications. , 2011, Accounts of chemical research.

[217]  Jon Ashley,et al.  An aptamer based surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of bovine catalase in milk. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[218]  Yang Xiang,et al.  Real-time monitoring of mycobacterium genomic DNA with target-primed rolling circle amplification by a Au nanoparticle-embedded SPR biosensor. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[219]  Yu Bai,et al.  A protein A modified Au-graphene oxide composite as an enhanced sensing platform for SPR-based immunoassay. , 2013, The Analyst.

[220]  Longhua Guo,et al.  Colorimetric and fluorometric dual-readout sensor for lysozyme. , 2013, The Analyst.

[221]  Y. Chai,et al.  A novel ECL biosensor for β-lactamase detection: Using RU(II) linked-ampicillin complex as the recognition element. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[222]  Xiaogang Liu,et al.  One-step, room temperature, colorimetric detection of mercury (Hg2+) using DNA/nanoparticle conjugates. , 2008, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[223]  Catherine J Murphy,et al.  A simple millifluidic benchtop reactor system for the high-throughput synthesis and functionalization of gold nanoparticles with different sizes and shapes. , 2013, ACS nano.

[224]  Richa Sharma,et al.  Recent advances in nanoparticle based aptasensors for food contaminants. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[225]  Yaqi Cai,et al.  Sensitive colorimetric visualization of perfluorinated compounds using poly(ethylene glycol) and perfluorinated thiols modified gold nanoparticles. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[226]  Shurong Tang,et al.  A novel label-free electrochemical sensor for Hg2+ based on the catalytic formation of metal nanoparticle. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[227]  Lei Zhang,et al.  Hierarchical Flowerlike Gold Nanoparticles Labeled Immunochromatography Test Strip for Highly Sensitive Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. , 2015, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[228]  Xingyu Jiang,et al.  A Dispersion-Dominated Chromogenic Strategy for Colorimetric Sensing of Glutathione at the Nanomolar Level Using Gold Nanoparticles. , 2015, Small.

[229]  Chad A Mirkin,et al.  Gold nanoparticles for biology and medicine. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[230]  Kwang S. Kim,et al.  Ambipolar Memory Devices Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Nanoparticles , 2010, Advanced materials.

[231]  Lumei Wang,et al.  Selection of a DNA aptamer for cadmium detection based on cationic polymer mediated aggregation of gold nanoparticles. , 2014, The Analyst.

[232]  J. Ying,et al.  Homogeneous Immunochemical Assay on the Lateral Flow Strip for Measurement of DNase I Activity. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[233]  Sanghamitra Chatterjee,et al.  Nanomaterials based electrochemical sensors for biomedical applications. , 2013, Chemical Society reviews.

[234]  Zhi Zhu,et al.  Target-responsive DNAzyme cross-linked hydrogel for visual quantitative detection of lead. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[235]  Younan Xia,et al.  Gold Nanocages for Biomedical Applications , 2007, Advanced materials.

[236]  Ming Fang,et al.  Nanomaterials in pollution trace detection and environmental improvement , 2010 .

[237]  Ronghua Yang,et al.  Functional DNA-Containing Nanomaterials: Cellular Applications in Biosensing, Imaging, and Targeted Therapy , 2014, Accounts of chemical research.

[238]  Jonathan L Sessler,et al.  Molecular recognition via base-pairing. , 2007, Chemical Society reviews.

[239]  Wei Cheng,et al.  A novel electrochemical sensing strategy for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of Salmonella by rolling circle amplification and DNA-AuNPs probe. , 2014, Analytica chimica acta.

[240]  Lin He,et al.  Colloidal Au-Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance for Ultrasensitive Detection of DNA Hybridization , 2000 .

[241]  Yi Lu,et al.  Mechanistic Insight into DNA-Guided Control of Nanoparticle Morphologies. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[242]  Zhenyu Lin,et al.  Gold Nanorods as Colorful Chromogenic Substrates for Semiquantitative Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Small Molecules with the Naked Eye. , 2016, Analytical chemistry.

[243]  Chih-Ching Huang,et al.  Gold-nanoparticles-modified cellulose membrane coupled with laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for detection of iodide in urine. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[244]  A. Moore,et al.  Noninvasive MRI-SERS imaging in living mice using an innately bimodal nanomaterial. , 2011, ACS nano.

[245]  Chang Ming Li,et al.  Sensitive detection of multiple mycotoxins by SPRi with gold nanoparticles as signal amplification tags. , 2014, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[246]  Münteha Nur Sonuç Karaboğa,et al.  AuNPs modified, disposable, ITO based biosensor: Early diagnosis of heat shock protein 70. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[247]  Nan Wang,et al.  Functionalized gold nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing of mercury ions based on thymine-mercury-thymine structure. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[248]  Erkang Wang,et al.  Metal nanoclusters: New fluorescent probes for sensors and bioimaging , 2014 .

[249]  Jae Hee Song,et al.  Photochemical synthesis of gold nanorods. , 2002, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[250]  Won Joon Cho,et al.  Ultrahigh-density array of silver nanoclusters for SERS substrate with high sensitivity and excellent reproducibility. , 2012, ACS nano.

[251]  H. Dai,et al.  PEG branched polymer for functionalization of nanomaterials with ultralong blood circulation. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[252]  K. Leopold,et al.  Comparative study of alkylthiols and alkylamines for the phase transfer of gold nanoparticles from an aqueous phase to n-hexane. , 2013, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[253]  C. Li,et al.  Ultrasensitive detection of lead ion based on target induced assembly of DNAzyme modified gold nanoparticle and graphene oxide. , 2014, Analytica chimica acta.

[254]  T. Goodson,et al.  Critical size for the observation of quantum confinement in optically excited gold clusters. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[255]  Y. Ozaki,et al.  Label-free detection in biological applications of surface-enhanced Raman scattering , 2012 .

[256]  Mingwu Shen,et al.  PEGylated dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles for in vivo blood pool and tumor imaging by computed tomography. , 2012, Biomaterials.

[257]  Ping Yu,et al.  Aptamer-based electrochemical sensors that are not based on the target binding-induced conformational change of aptamers. , 2008, The Analyst.

[258]  Thomas A. Klar,et al.  Long-range fluorescence quenching by gold nanoparticles in a sandwich immunoassay for cardiac troponin T. , 2009, Nano letters.

[259]  W. Heineman,et al.  Carbon nanotube-loaded Nafion film electrochemical sensor for metal ions: europium. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[260]  Zhenyu Lin,et al.  Surface Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[261]  Sangjin Park,et al.  Antibiofouling polymer-coated gold nanoparticles as a contrast agent for in vivo X-ray computed tomography imaging. , 2007 .

[262]  Sarit S. Agasti,et al.  Gold nanoparticles in chemical and biological sensing. , 2012, Chemical reviews.

[263]  Tian Lan,et al.  DNA-AuNPs based signal amplification for highly sensitive detection of DNA methylation, methyltransferase activity and inhibitor screening. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[264]  Yang Fan,et al.  Direct electrochemistry of catalase at amine-functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles composite film for hydrogen peroxide sensor , 2011 .

[265]  Chunyan Sun,et al.  Fluorescent detection of clenbuterol using fluorophore functionalized gold nanoparticles based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer , 2014 .

[266]  Zhiyong Li,et al.  Oriented assembly of polyhedral plasmonic nanoparticle clusters , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[267]  François Hallouard,et al.  Iodinated blood pool contrast media for preclinical X-ray imaging applications--a review. , 2010, Biomaterials.

[268]  Tae Jung Park,et al.  Directed self-assembly of gold binding polypeptide-protein A fusion proteins for development of gold nanoparticle-based SPR immunosensors. , 2009, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[269]  Zhaopeng Chen,et al.  Highly sensitive visual detection of copper ions based on the shape-dependent LSPR spectroscopy of gold nanorods. , 2014, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[270]  Sanjeev Kumar,et al.  Modeling of Formation of Gold Nanoparticles by Citrate Method , 2007 .

[271]  M. Stevens,et al.  Polymerization amplified detection for nanoparticle-based biosensing. , 2014, Nano letters.

[272]  Nam-Joon Cho,et al.  Strategies for enhancing the sensitivity of plasmonic nanosensors , 2015 .

[273]  Juan B. Blanco-Canosa,et al.  Cellular uptake and fate of PEGylated gold nanoparticles is dependent on both cell-penetration peptides and particle size. , 2011, ACS nano.

[274]  Haibing Li,et al.  Colorimetric detection and separation of chiral tyrosine based on N-acetyl-L-cysteine modified gold nanoparticles , 2012 .

[275]  Tianming Yang,et al.  Surface Plasmon Coupling Effect of Gold Nanoparticles with Different Shape and Size on Conventional Surface Plasmon Resonance Signal , 2010 .

[276]  Xia Sun,et al.  Aptasensor based on the synergistic contributions of chitosan-gold nanoparticles, graphene-gold nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes-cobalt phthalocyanine nanocomposites for kanamycin detection. , 2014, The Analyst.

[277]  A. Wark,et al.  Attomolar detection of protein biomarkers using biofunctionalized gold nanorods with surface plasmon resonance. , 2010, The Analyst.

[278]  Steven D. Christesen,et al.  Raman Cross Sections of Chemical Agents and Simulants , 1988 .

[279]  L. Liz‐Marzán,et al.  A General Method for Solvent Exchange of Plasmonic Nanoparticles and Self-Assembly into SERS-Active Monolayers , 2015, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[280]  S. Ghosh,et al.  Solvent and Ligand Effects on the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) of Gold Colloids , 2004 .

[281]  J. Gooding,et al.  The fabrication of stable gold nanoparticle-modified interfaces for electrochemistry. , 2011, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[282]  Molly M Stevens,et al.  Plasmonic ELISA for the ultrasensitive detection of disease biomarkers with the naked eye. , 2012, Nature nanotechnology.

[283]  R. Lennox,et al.  Facile phase transfer of large, water-soluble metal nanoparticles to nonpolar solvents. , 2012, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[284]  Molly M Stevens,et al.  Colorimetric Detection of Small Molecules in Complex Matrixes via Target-Mediated Growth of Aptamer-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[285]  Jie Li,et al.  Electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles fabricated molecularly imprinted polymer film at chitosan-platinum nanoparticles/graphene-gold nanoparticles double nanocomposites modified electrode for detection of erythromycin. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[286]  Liguang Xu,et al.  Side-by-side and end-to-end gold nanorod assemblies for environmental toxin sensing. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[287]  Guobao Xu,et al.  Recent advances in electrochemiluminescence. , 2015, Chemical Society reviews.

[288]  M. Olivo,et al.  Metal carbonyl-gold nanoparticle conjugates for live-cell SERS imaging. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[289]  Yanqin Yang,et al.  Selective detection of silver ions using mushroom-like polyaniline and gold nanoparticle nanocomposite-based electrochemical DNA sensor. , 2015, Analytical biochemistry.

[290]  Jie Chao,et al.  Gold nanoparticle-decorated MoS2 nanosheets for simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid , 2014 .

[291]  Guobao Xu,et al.  Facile synthesis and electrochemiluminescence application of concave trisoctahedral Pd@Au core-shell nanocrystals bound by {331} high-index facets. , 2011, Chemical communications.

[292]  Qian Cao,et al.  Hydrogen-bonding-induced colorimetric detection of melamine by nonaggregation-based Au-NPs as a probe. , 2010, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[293]  Dongil Lee,et al.  Ultrabright Luminescence from Gold Nanoclusters: Rigidifying the Au(I)-Thiolate Shell. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[294]  Jiří Homola,et al.  Enhancing sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance biosensors by functionalized gold nanoparticles: size matters. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[295]  P. Hsu,et al.  Membrane-based assay for iodide ions based on anti-leaching of gold nanoparticles. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[296]  Jian-hui Jiang,et al.  Enzymatic control of plasmonic coupling and surface enhanced Raman scattering transduction for sensitive detection of DNA demethylation. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[297]  Yujian He,et al.  Colorimetric detection of ractopamine and salbutamol using gold nanoparticles functionalized with melamine as a probe. , 2013, Talanta.

[298]  B. Liedberg,et al.  Folding induced assembly of polypeptide decorated gold nanoparticles. , 2008, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[299]  M. Valcárcel,et al.  Selective quantification of carnitine enantiomers using chiral cysteine-capped CdSe(ZnS) quantum dots. , 2009, Analytical chemistry.

[300]  Roberto de la Rica,et al.  Plasmonic ELISA for the detection of analytes at ultralow concentrations with the naked eye , 2013, Nature Protocols.

[301]  Daxiang Cui,et al.  Folic acid-conjugated silica-modified gold nanorods for X-ray/CT imaging-guided dual-mode radiation and photo-thermal therapy. , 2011, Biomaterials.

[302]  U. Steiner,et al.  Single nanoparticle SERS probes of ion intercalation in metal-oxide electrodes. , 2014, Nano letters.

[303]  M. El-Sayed,et al.  Why gold nanoparticles are more precious than pretty gold: noble metal surface plasmon resonance and its enhancement of the radiative and nonradiative properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. , 2006, Chemical Society reviews.

[304]  Jian-Feng Li,et al.  Electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of nanostructures. , 2008, Chemical Society reviews.

[305]  Liberato Manna,et al.  Controlled growth of tetrapod-branched inorganic nanocrystals , 2003, Nature materials.

[306]  P. Mulvaney,et al.  Phase transfer of noble metal nanoparticles to organic solvents. , 2014, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[307]  Jiewei Li,et al.  The Origin of Fluorescence from Graphene Oxide , 2012, Scientific Reports.

[308]  N. Berova,et al.  Circular Dichroism: Principles and Applications , 1994 .

[309]  G. Whitesides,et al.  Self-assembled monolayers of thiolates on metals as a form of nanotechnology. , 2005, Chemical reviews.

[310]  Tao Chen,et al.  Gold‐Coated Fe3O4 Nanoroses with Five Unique Functions for Cancer Cell Targeting, Imaging, and Therapy , 2014, Advanced functional materials.

[311]  C. Mirkin,et al.  DNA-modified core-shell Ag/Au nanoparticles. , 2001, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[312]  E. Goldys,et al.  Nanocomposites of gold nanoparticles and graphene oxide towards an stable label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detection of cardiac marker troponin-I. , 2016, Analytica chimica acta.

[313]  Ximei Qian,et al.  Detection of circulating tumor cells in human peripheral blood using surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles. , 2011, Cancer research.

[314]  E. Kumacheva,et al.  Probing dynamic generation of hot-spots in self-assembled chains of gold nanorods by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[315]  Kemin Wang,et al.  Enhanced surface plasmon resonance for detection of DNA hybridization based on layer-by-layer assembly films , 2007 .

[316]  Guo-jun Weng,et al.  Plasmonic sensing of CTAB in gold nanorods solution based on Cu(II) ions-mediated H2O2 etching effect , 2014, Journal of Nanoparticle Research.

[317]  Juewen Liu,et al.  Preparation of aptamer-linked gold nanoparticle purple aggregates for colorimetric sensing of analytes , 2006, Nature Protocols.

[318]  T. LaBean,et al.  Surface-enhanced Raman scattering plasmonic enhancement using DNA origami-based complex metallic nanostructures. , 2013, Nano letters.

[319]  D. Leong,et al.  Identification of a highly luminescent Au22(SG)18 nanocluster. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[320]  Marc D Porter,et al.  SERS as a bioassay platform: fundamentals, design, and applications. , 2008, Chemical Society reviews.

[321]  Li Li,et al.  Visual detection of melamine in raw milk using gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probe , 2010 .

[322]  Longhua Guo,et al.  Surface-Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of Ru@SiO2 for Ultrasensitive Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[323]  R. Hoogenboom,et al.  Colorimetric Logic Gates Based on Poly(2‐alkyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles , 2015 .

[324]  Yawen Wang,et al.  Emerging chirality in nanoscience. , 2013, Chemical Society reviews.

[325]  Liguang Xu,et al.  Crown ether assembly of gold nanoparticles: melamine sensor. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[326]  A. Downard,et al.  Electrochemical stability of citrate-capped gold nanoparticles electrostatically assembled on amine-modified glassy carbon , 2009 .

[327]  Meifang Zhu,et al.  Acetylation of dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles: Synthesis, stability, and X-ray attenuation properties , 2011 .

[328]  Heyou Han,et al.  A practicable detection system for genetically modified rice by SERS-barcoded nanosensors. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[329]  F. Simmel,et al.  DNA-based self-assembly of chiral plasmonic nanostructures with tailored optical response , 2011, Nature.

[330]  Oren A Scherman,et al.  Quantitative SERS using the sequestration of small molecules inside precise plasmonic nanoconstructs. , 2012, Nano letters.

[331]  Mi Hee Kim,et al.  A gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric sensing ensemble for the colorimetric detection of cyanide ions in aqueous solution , 2010 .

[332]  Matthias Seydack,et al.  Nanoparticle labels in immunosensing using optical detection methods. , 2005, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[333]  Jonathan D Posner,et al.  Two orders of magnitude improvement in detection limit of lateral flow assays using isotachophoresis. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[334]  Kai Sun,et al.  Light-Controlled Self-Assembly of Semiconductor Nanoparticles into Twisted Ribbons , 2010, Science.

[335]  C. Mirkin,et al.  Nanoparticles with Raman spectroscopic fingerprints for DNA and RNA detection. , 2002, Science.

[336]  Jing Zhang,et al.  One-Step Fabrication of Supramolecular Microcapsules from Microfluidic Droplets , 2012, Science.

[337]  Wang Li,et al.  A biomimetic colorimetric logic gate system based on multi-functional peptide-mediated gold nanoparticle assembly. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[338]  Jianping Xie,et al.  Enhanced tumor accumulation of sub-2 nm gold nanoclusters for cancer radiation therapy. , 2014, Advanced healthcare materials.

[339]  Jie Chao,et al.  A MoS2–based system for efficient immobilization of hemoglobin and biosensing applications , 2015, Nanotechnology.

[340]  Kemin Wang,et al.  Surface plasmon resonance detection of small molecule using split aptamer fragments , 2011 .

[341]  Yunpeng Huang,et al.  Multifunctional dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles for dual mode CT/MR imaging applications. , 2013, Biomaterials.

[342]  Hong Zhao,et al.  Highly sensitive and selective colorimetric sensing of antibiotics in milk. , 2013, Analytica chimica acta.

[343]  Hong Zhao,et al.  Colorimetric and visual determination of dicyandiamide using gallic acid-capped gold nanoparticles , 2014, Microchimica Acta.

[344]  Jian Ji,et al.  A novel and simple cell-based electrochemical impedance biosensor for evaluating the combined toxicity of DON and ZEN. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[345]  Jens Michaelis,et al.  Enhancement of the detection limit for lateral flow immunoassays: evaluation and comparison of bioconjugates. , 2012, Journal of immunological methods.

[346]  R. Georgiadis,et al.  Distance- and Wavelength-Dependent Dielectric Function of Au Nanoparticles by Angle-Resolved Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging , 2010 .

[347]  Lehui Lu,et al.  Hydrogen-bonding recognition-induced color change of gold nanoparticles for visual detection of melamine in raw milk and infant formula. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[348]  L. Liz‐Marzán,et al.  Fingers Crossed: Optical Activity of a Chiral Dimer of Plasmonic Nanorods. , 2011, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[349]  J. Storhoff,et al.  A DNA-based method for rationally assembling nanoparticles into macroscopic materials , 1996, Nature.

[350]  A. Jacobson,et al.  Monodisperse SnO2-coated gold nanoparticles are markedly more stable than analogous SiO2-coated gold nanoparticles. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[351]  Yanxia Cui,et al.  Self-alignment of plasmonic gold nanorods in reconfigurable anisotropic fluids for tunable bulk metamaterial applications. , 2010, Nano letters.

[352]  R. Yuan,et al.  Enhanced electrochemiluminescence sensor for detecting dopamine based on gold nanoflower@graphitic carbon nitride polymer nanosheet-polyaniline hybrids. , 2014, The Analyst.

[353]  Dingbin Liu,et al.  Gold nanoparticle-based activatable probe for sensing ultralow levels of prostate-specific antigen. , 2013, ACS nano.

[354]  J F Hainfeld,et al.  Gold nanoparticles: a new X-ray contrast agent. , 2006, The British journal of radiology.

[355]  S. Yao,et al.  Immune-independent and label-free fluorescent assay for Cystatin C detection based on protein-stabilized Au nanoclusters. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[356]  Michel Orrit,et al.  Single-molecule optics. , 2004, Annual review of physical chemistry.

[357]  Viswanadham Garimella,et al.  Homogeneous detection of unamplified genomic DNA sequences based on colorimetric scatter of gold nanoparticle probes , 2004, Nature Biotechnology.

[358]  Yujian He,et al.  Label free electrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of ractopamine. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[359]  T. Minami,et al.  Isothiouronium-based amphiphilic gold nanoparticles with a colorimetric response to hydrophobic anions in water: a new strategy for fluoride ion detection in the presence of a phenylboronic acid , 2008 .

[360]  Mun'delanji C. Vestergaard,et al.  Label-free electrical sensing of small-molecule inhibition on tyrosine phosphorylation. , 2007, Analytical chemistry.

[361]  Min Su Han,et al.  Gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric chiral discrimination of histidine: application to determining the enantiomeric excess of histidine , 2014 .

[362]  Gongke Li,et al.  Fabrication of gold nanoparticle-embedded metal-organic framework for highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[363]  C. K. Nandi,et al.  Direct visualization of lead corona and its nanomolar colorimetric detection using anisotropic gold nanoparticles. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[364]  Sarah De Saeger,et al.  Nanosized labels for rapid immunotests , 2013 .

[365]  A. Radi,et al.  Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Biosensors: Recent Advances and Perspectives , 2011 .

[366]  Jing Wang,et al.  Gold nanoparticle enhanced electrochemiluminescence of CdS thin films for ultrasensitive thrombin detection. , 2011, Analytical chemistry.

[367]  J. McLean,et al.  Size-selected (2-10 nm) gold nanoparticles for matrix assisted laser desorption ionization of peptides. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[368]  K. Zhao,et al.  Ultrasensitive and quantitative detection of a new β-agonist phenylethanolamine A by a novel immunochromatographic assay based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). , 2014, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[369]  J Aaron,et al.  Directional conjugation of antibodies to nanoparticles for synthesis of multiplexed optical contrast agents with both delivery and targeting moieties , 2008, Nature Protocols.

[370]  Yi Zhang,et al.  Label-free colorimetric detection of cadmium ions in rice samples using gold nanoparticles. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[371]  Yonghee Shin,et al.  Two-dimensional Hyper-branched Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized on a Two-dimensional Oil/Water Interface , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[372]  Sujuan Ye,et al.  Asymmetric signal amplification for simultaneous SERS detection of multiple cancer markers with significantly different levels. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[373]  S. Dong,et al.  Gold nanoparticle-based near-infrared fluorescent detection of biological thiols in human plasma. , 2009, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[374]  N. Cioffi,et al.  Gold nanomaterials as a new tool for bioanalytical applications of laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry , 2011, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[375]  Lifeng Chi,et al.  Metal Clusters and Colloids , 1998 .

[376]  Longhua Guo,et al.  Flexible and Adhesive Surface Enhance Raman Scattering Active Tape for Rapid Detection of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables. , 2016, Analytical chemistry.

[377]  Li Xu,et al.  Highly sensitive visual detection of copper (II) using water-soluble azide-functionalized gold nanoparticles and silver enhancement. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[378]  I. Willner,et al.  Ultrasensitive surface plasmon resonance detection of trinitrotoluene by a bis-aniline-cross-linked Au nanoparticles composite. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[379]  P. Patra,et al.  Plasmofluidic single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering from dynamic assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles. , 2014, Nature communications.

[380]  Zhiyong Tang,et al.  Core-shell noble-metal@metal-organic-framework nanoparticles with highly selective sensing property. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[381]  Chusen Huang,et al.  An ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence sensor for detecting diphenhydramine hydrochloride based on l-cysteine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles nanocomposites , 2015 .

[382]  Thomas Bürgi,et al.  Chiral inversion of gold nanoparticles. , 2008, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[383]  R. Luque,et al.  Solvothermal synthesis of metal nanocrystals and their applications , 2015 .

[384]  Ying-Mei Yang,et al.  A filter-like AuNPs@MS SERS substrate for Staphylococcus aureus detection. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[385]  Zhongping Zhang,et al.  Surface molecular self-assembly for organophosphate pesticide imprinting in electropolymerized poly(p-aminothiophenol) membranes on a gold nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[386]  Danielle Rand,et al.  Nanomaterials for X-ray imaging: gold nanoparticle enhancement of X-ray scatter imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma. , 2011, Nano letters.

[387]  Jijun Tang,et al.  New Surface-Enhanced Raman Sensing Chip Designed for On-Site Detection of Active Ricin in Complex Matrices Based on Specific Depurination. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[388]  Dongsheng Liu,et al.  Improving the yield of mono-DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles through dual steric hindrance. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[389]  Xingyu Jiang,et al.  A highly sensitive, dual-readout assay based on gold nanoparticles for organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[390]  B. Haghighi,et al.  Enhanced electrochemiluminescence from luminol at multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with palladium nanoparticles: a novel route for the fabrication of an oxygen sensor and a glucose biosensor. , 2011, Analytica chimica acta.

[391]  Joseph M Slocik,et al.  Theory of circular dichroism of nanomaterials comprising chiral molecules and nanocrystals: plasmon enhancement, dipole interactions, and dielectric effects. , 2010, Nano letters.

[392]  Zhaopeng Chen,et al.  Highly sensitive label-free colorimetric sensing of nitrite based on etching of gold nanorods. , 2012, The Analyst.

[393]  Jing-fu Liu,et al.  Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay as an advantageous analytical method for assessing the total concentration and environmental risk of fluoroquinolones in surface waters. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[394]  Yang Liu,et al.  DNA assembled gold nanoparticles polymeric network blocks modular highly sensitive electrochemical biosensors for protein kinase activity analysis and inhibition. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[395]  Yun Rong,et al.  Light-triggered reversible self-assembly of gold nanoparticle oligomers for tunable SERS. , 2015, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[396]  Zhening Zhu,et al.  Controllable optical activity of gold nanorod and chiral quantum dot assemblies. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[397]  Yunfei Xie,et al.  Rapid detection method for nitrofuran antibiotic residues by surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy , 2012, European Food Research and Technology.

[398]  Jianping Xie,et al.  Highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of Hg(2+) based on fluorescence quenching of Au nanoclusters by Hg(2+)-Au(+) interactions. , 2010, Chemical communications.

[399]  Longhua Guo,et al.  Surface Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence for Ultrasensitive Detection of Hg2 , 2014 .

[400]  A. Vaskevich,et al.  Polymer-coated gold island films as localized plasmon transducers for gas sensing. , 2008, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[401]  S. Nie,et al.  Stimuli-responsive SERS nanoparticles: conformational control of plasmonic coupling and surface Raman enhancement. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[402]  W. Tseng,et al.  Ultrasensitive sensing of Hg(2+) and CH(3)Hg(+) based on the fluorescence quenching of lysozyme type VI-stabilized gold nanoclusters. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[403]  Joseph T. Hupp,et al.  Gold Nanoparticle-Based Sensing of “Spectroscopically Silent” Heavy Metal Ions , 2001 .

[404]  R. Murray,et al.  Gold nanoparticles: past, present, and future. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[405]  Romain Quidant,et al.  Plasmon near-field coupling in metal dimers as a step toward single-molecule sensing. , 2009, ACS nano.

[406]  M. H. Yeung,et al.  Selective shortening of single-crystalline gold nanorods by mild oxidation. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[407]  Mikael Käll,et al.  Plasmon-enhanced colorimetric ELISA with single molecule sensitivity. , 2011, Nano letters.

[408]  J. Kimling,et al.  Turkevich method for gold nanoparticle synthesis revisited. , 2006, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[409]  M. Natan,et al.  Colloidal Au-enhanced surface plasmon resonance immunosensing. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[410]  N O Reich,et al.  Nanometal surface energy transfer in optical rulers, breaking the FRET barrier. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[411]  Yuling Cui,et al.  Multifunctional gold-silica nanostructures for ultrasensitive electrochemical immunoassay of streptomycin residues. , 2011, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[412]  Ling Wang,et al.  High-selective and sensitive voltammetric sensor for butylated hydroxyanisole based on AuNPs-PVP-graphene nanocomposites. , 2015, Talanta.

[413]  Bhanu Neupane,et al.  Up-conversion luminescence of gold nanospheres when excited at nonsurface plasmon resonance wavelength by a continuous wave laser. , 2013, Nano letters.

[414]  Fei Wang,et al.  Analysis of influenza virus receptor specificity using glycan-functionalized gold nanoparticles. , 2014, ACS nano.

[415]  D. Pang,et al.  Kinetics‐Controlled Formation of Gold Clusters Using a Quasi‐Biological System , 2010 .

[416]  Cherie R. Kagan,et al.  Improved size-tunable synthesis of monodisperse gold nanorods through the use of aromatic additives. , 2012, ACS nano.

[417]  Zhiliang Jiang,et al.  The surface-plasmon-resonance effect of nanogold/silver and its analytical applications , 2012 .

[418]  Binghai Yan,et al.  Comment on: Simulation of the optical absorption spectra of gold nanorods as a function of their aspect ratio and the effect of the medium dielectricconstant by Link S. et al. , 2003 .

[419]  Wenhua Gao,et al.  A novel electrochemiluminescence ethanol biosensor based on tris(2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium (II) and alcohol dehydrogenase immobilized in graphene/bovine serum albumin composite film. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[420]  Y. Chai,et al.  Ultrasensitive luminol electrochemiluminescence for protein detection based on in situ generated hydrogen peroxide as coreactant with glucose oxidase anchored AuNPs@MWCNTs labeling. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[421]  Baoxin Li,et al.  Visual chiral recognition of mandelic acid enantiomers with l-tartaric acid-capped gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probes , 2015 .

[422]  Hong Zhao,et al.  Colorimetric detection of glucose in rat brain using gold nanoparticles. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[423]  J. Hainfeld,et al.  The use of gold nanoparticles to enhance radiotherapy in mice. , 2004, Physics in medicine and biology.