Modulation of fat metabolism and gut microbiota by resveratrol on high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Purpose The antioxidant resveratrol (RSV) has low bioavailability and can reach the colon to access the gut microbial ecosystem. RSV administration together with high-fat diet prevented abnormal changes of intestinal microbiota. However, whether or not RSV can reshape the intestinal microbiota of obese mice and alleviate obesity-related diseases remains to be studied. This study aimed to explore the role of RSV in alleviating high-fat-induced obesity and its relationship with oxidative stress and gut microbiota. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups and administered for 16 weeks with: standard diet (CON), high-fat diet (60% energy for lard, HFD), and HFD with low, medium, and high dose of RSV, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight administered daily via drinking water, respectively. Results Medium and high RSV treatment significantly prevented body weight gain, decreased relative weight of liver and adipose tissue compared with HFD (P<0.05). All doses significantly prevented HFD-induced increase of serum triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and endotoxemia (P<0.05). Medium and high dose also prevented chronic inflammation by decreasing serum interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P<0.05), and oxidative stress in liver and brain indicated by increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity (P<0.05). Formation of malondialdehyde was prevented by all doses compared with HFD (P<0.05). Both medium and high doses of RES increased alpha diversity of gut microbiota according to the Chao1 and Shannon indices (P<0.05). Medium dose induced obvious shift in gut microbiota composition according to principal component analysis. High dose of RSV effectively prevented HFD-induced increase of Coriobacteriaceae and Desulfovi-brionaceae (P<0.05), which show a significant correlation with body weight (r>0.8 P<0.00). Conclusion RSV prevented HFD-induced endotoxemia, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota change.

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