List of Figures ix List of Tables xi Preface and Acknowledgments xv List of Abbreviations xix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Part I. Data, Methods, and Context Chapter 2. Data Collection, Outcome Measures, and Analytical Tools 25 Chapter 3. The Departments 41 Part II. Influences on Attrition, Completion, and Time-to-Degree Chapter 4. The Impact of the Graduate Education Initiative on Attrition and Completion 95 Chapter 5. The Influence of Financial Support 113 Chapter 6. The Influence of Doctoral Program Designs 140 Chapter 7. The Role of Gender and Family Status 156 Part III. Transition from Graduate Study to Career Chapter 8. Attrition and Beyond 169 Chapter 9. Early Careers 186 Chapter 10. Publications: Patterns and Influences 206 Part IV. Lessons and Findings Chapter 11. Redesigning Doctoral Programs: Lessons Learned 223 Chapter 12. Principal Findings and Implications 249 Appendix A. Data Collection 273 Appendix B. Questionnaire for the Graduate Education Survey 280 Appendix C. Outcome Measures 300 Appendix D. Methodology 304 Appendix E. Additional Tables and Figures 309 References 331 Index 337