Electromagnetic sensors for assessing and monitoring civil infrastructures

Abstract: Electromagnetic sensors are non-destructive evaluation technologies and they are widely used in health monitoring and damage detection for infrastructures. In this chapter several existing technologies with various functional theories are briefly reviewed. The application of elastomagnetic (EM) (or magnetoelastic) stress sensor technology in stress monitoring for steel cables is described. The roles of microstructure and temperature in magnetization and magnetoelasticity are discussed. The design and configuration of an EM sensor are illustrated. In addition, the design of an appropriate energizing circuit to counteract eddy currents is introduced. Field application examples with EM sensors used in existing and new constructions are provided. A removable stress measurement design is also presented as a promising monitoring tool for steel structural components.

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