Hepatic adaptations to sucrose and fructose.

[1]  A. Cherrington,et al.  Autoregulation of hepatic glucose production. , 1998, European journal of endocrinology.

[2]  Moderate intake of sucrose does not impair metabolic control in pump-treated diabetic out-patients , 1985, Diabetologia.

[3]  J. Crossley,et al.  The influence in male baboons, of a high sucrose diet on the portal and arterial levels of glucose and fructose following a sucrose meal. , 1970, Nutrition and metabolism.

[4]  S. Fried,et al.  Sugars, hypertriglyceridemia, and cardiovascular disease. , 2003, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[5]  M. Hoenig,et al.  Endothelial dysfunction precedes hypertension in diet-induced insulin resistance. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[6]  A. Cherrington,et al.  Comparison of the time courses of insulin and the portal signal on hepatic glucose and glycogen metabolism in the conscious dog. , 1996, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[7]  R. Barnard,et al.  Peripheral insulin sensitivity as modified by diet and exercise training. , 1988, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[8]  M. E. D'Alessandro,et al.  Muscle lipid metabolism and insulin secretion are altered in insulin-resistant rats fed a high sucrose diet. , 2003, The Journal of nutrition.

[9]  M. Mozzoli,et al.  FFA cause hepatic insulin resistance by inhibiting insulin suppression of glycogenolysis. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[10]  R. Freedland,et al.  Time course changes in glycogen accretion, 6-phosphogluconate, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, and lipogenesis upon refeeding a high sucrose diet to starved rats. , 1991, The International journal of biochemistry.

[11]  F. Nuttall,et al.  Stimulation of Insulin Secretion by Fructose Ingested With Protein in People With Untreated Type 2 Diabetes , 1998, Diabetes Care.

[12]  E. Kraegen,et al.  Effects of sucrose vs starch diets on in vivo insulin action, thermogenesis, and obesity in rats. , 1988, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[13]  A. Cherrington,et al.  Regulation of net hepatic glucose uptake in vivo. , 1992, Annual review of physiology.

[14]  R. Bergman,et al.  Synergism of glucose and fructose in net glycogen synthesis in perfused rat livers. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[15]  F. Nuttall,et al.  Metabolic effects of oral glucose in the liver of fasted rats. , 1984, The American journal of physiology.

[16]  D. Edgerton,et al.  The direct and indirect effects of insulin on hepatic glucose production in vivo , 1998, Diabetologia.

[17]  B. Wadzinski,et al.  Xylulose 5-phosphate mediates glucose-induced lipogenesis by xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase in rat liver , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[18]  J. Busserolles,et al.  Metabolic Syndrome in the Rat: Females are Protected Against the Pro-Oxidant Effect of a High Sucrose Diet , 2002, Experimental biology and medicine.

[19]  L. Kuller,et al.  Fatty liver in type 2 diabetes mellitus: relation to regional adiposity, fatty acids, and insulin resistance. , 2003, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[20]  M. Ueno,et al.  A high fructose diet affects the early steps of insulin action in muscle and liver of rats. , 2000, The Journal of nutrition.

[21]  E. Schaftingen,et al.  Stimulation of glucose phosphorylation by fructose in isolated rat hepatocytes , 1989 .

[22]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Hepatospecific effects of fructose on c-jun NH2-terminal kinase: implications for hepatic insulin resistance. , 2004, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[23]  A. Diehl,et al.  Hepatic steatosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus , 2002, Current diabetes reports.

[24]  G. Bray,et al.  Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[25]  J. Manson,et al.  A prospective study of sugar intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in women. , 2003, Diabetes care.

[26]  P. Higgins,et al.  Reaction of monosaccharides with proteins: possible evolutionary significance. , 1981, Science.

[27]  M. Rider,et al.  Sustained activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase induces c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase activation and apoptosis in liver cells , 2002, FEBS letters.

[28]  J. Stern,et al.  High Sucrose Diet and Exercise: Effects on Insulin-Receptor Function of 12- and 24-mo-old Sprague-Dawley Rats , 1991, The Journal of nutrition.

[29]  E. Newsholme,et al.  PROPERTIES OF PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE FROM RAT LIVER AND THEIR RELATION TO THE CONTROL OF GLYCOLYSIS AND GLUCONEOGENESIS. , 1965, The Biochemical journal.

[30]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Changes in insulin action, triglycerides, and lipid composition during sucrose feeding in rats. , 1996, The American journal of physiology.

[31]  F. Heinz,et al.  Enzymes of fructose metabolism in human liver. , 1968, Journal of Clinical Investigation.

[32]  Acute fructose administration decreases the glycemic response to an oral glucose tolerance test in normal adults. , 2000, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[33]  S. Vuilleumier.  Worldwide production of high-fructose syrup and crystalline fructose. , 1993, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[34]  M. Karin,et al.  Regulation and function of the JNK subgroup of MAP kinases. , 1997, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[35]  James W. Anderson,et al.  Metabolic Effects of Fructose Supplementation in Diabetic Individuals , 1989, Diabetes Care.

[36]  E. Wright,et al.  Intestinal absorption in health and disease--sugars. , 2003, Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology.

[37]  G. Norstedt,et al.  Female-predominant expression of fatty acid translocase/CD36 in rat and human liver. , 2004, Endocrinology.

[38]  M. Daly.  Sugars, insulin sensitivity, and the postprandial state. , 2003, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[39]  J. Busserolles,et al.  High fructose feeding of magnesium deficient rats is associated with increased plasma triglyceride concentration and increased oxidative stress. , 2003, Magnesium research.

[40]  K. Shimamoto,et al.  Tissue-specific impairment of insulin signaling in vasculature and skeletal muscle of fructose-fed rats. , 2003, Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension.

[41]  S. Gibson.  Consumption and sources of sugars in the diets of British schoolchildren: are high‐sugar diets nutritionally inferior? , 1993 .

[42]  R. Wolfe,et al.  The relationship between gluconeogenic substrate supply and glucose production in humans. , 1990, The American journal of physiology.

[43]  R. Teel,et al.  Effects of high sucrose diet on body and liver weight and hepatic enzyme content and activity in the rat. , 2003, In vivo.

[44]  A. Astrup,et al.  Randomized controlled trial of changes in dietary carbohydrate/fat ratio and simple vs complex carbohydrates on body weight and blood lipids: the CARMEN study , 2000, International Journal of Obesity.

[45]  A. Dawson,et al.  Absorption of Fructose in Man , 1965, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[46]  K. Raivio,et al.  Fructose-induced adenine nucleotide catabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes. , 1977, Canadian journal of biochemistry.

[47]  H. Yki-Järvinen,et al.  Inhibition of Lipolysis Decreases Lipid Oxidation and Gluconeogenesis From Lactate But Not Fasting Hyperglycemia or Total Hepatic Glucose Production in NIDDM , 1993, Diabetes.

[48]  I. G. Fantus,et al.  Hepatic Very Low Density Lipoprotein-ApoB Overproduction Is Associated with Attenuated Hepatic Insulin Signaling and Overexpression of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B in a Fructose-fed Hamster Model of Insulin Resistance* , 2002, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[49]  F. Nuttall,et al.  Effects of graded intravenous doses of fructose on glycogen synthase in the liver of fasted rats. , 1987, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[50]  J. Mann,et al.  Effects of isocaloric exchange of dietary sucrose and starch on fasting serum lipids, postprandial insulin secretion and alimentary lipaemia in human subjects , 1972, British Journal of Nutrition.

[51]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Menhaden oil prevents but does not reverse sucrose-induced insulin resistance in rats. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[52]  C. Thomsen,et al.  Hepatic metabolism during constant infusion of fructose; comparative studies with 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in man and rats. , 1994, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[53]  J. Breslow.  n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. , 2006, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[54]  J. Hallfrisch.  Metabolic effects of dietary fructose , 1990, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[55]  M. Woodward,et al.  Dietary composition and fat to sugar ratios in relation to obesity. , 1994, International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity.

[56]  F. Nuttall,et al.  Mechanism of Stimulation of Liver Glycogen Synthesis by Fructose in Alloxan Diabetic Rats , 1986, Diabetes.

[57]  D. Curry,et al.  Dietary sucrose enhances insulin secretion of aging Fischer 344 rats. , 1992, Journal of NutriLife.

[58]  P. Wals,et al.  Glycogen synthesis by rat hepatocytes. , 1979, The Biochemical journal.

[59]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Glucose-6-phosphatase activity is not suppressed but the mRNA level is increased by a sucrose-enriched meal in rats. , 2003, The Journal of nutrition.

[60]  A. Astrup,et al.  Diurnal metabolic profiles after 14 d of an ad libitum high-starch, high-sucrose, or high-fat diet in normal-weight never-obese and postobese women. , 2001, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[61]  P. Angulo,et al.  Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. , 2002, Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico.

[62]  G. Brown,et al.  Control of oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, ureagenesis and ATP turnover in isolated perfused rat liver analyzed by top-down metabolic control analysis. , 1998, European journal of biochemistry.

[63]  E. Hultman,et al.  Liver and muscle glycogen in man after glucose and fructose infusion. , 1974, Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation.

[64]  A. Prentice,et al.  Long-term effects of ad libitum low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets on body weight and serum lipids in overweight subjects with metabolic syndrome. , 2002, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[65]  G. Cahill,et al.  Glucose penetration into liver. , 1958, The American journal of physiology.

[66]  B. Landau,et al.  Regulation of blood glucose concentration: response of liver to glucose administration. , 1961, The American journal of physiology.

[67]  J. Rumessen,et al.  Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. , 1986, Gut.

[68]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Increased net hepatic glucose output from gluconeogenic precursors after high-sucrose diet feeding in male rats. , 1997, The American journal of physiology.

[69]  L. Rossetti,et al.  Hypothalamic insulin signaling is required for inhibition of glucose production , 2002, Nature Medicine.

[70]  A. Bharucha,et al.  Dietary Fructose and Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Review , 2004, American Journal of Gastroenterology.

[71]  Z. Spolarics,et al.  Augmented resistance to oxidative stress in fatty rat livers induced by a short-term sucrose-rich diet. , 2000, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[72]  M. Basílico,et al.  Long-term hypertriglyceridemia and glucose intolerance in rats fed chronically an isocaloric sucrose-rich diet. , 1987, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[73]  N. Abumrad,et al.  Fatty acid transport across membranes: relevance to nutrition and metabolic pathology. , 2002, Annual review of nutrition.

[74]  J. White,et al.  Manufacturing, composition, and applications of fructose. , 1993, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[75]  G. Reaven,et al.  Sucrose-induced insulin resistance in the rat: modulation by exercise and diet. , 1983, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[76]  R. DeFronzo,et al.  Influence of hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and the route of glucose administration on splanchnic glucose exchange. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[77]  Z. Madar,et al.  Adaption of Sprague Dawley rats to long-term feeding of high fat of high fructose diets , 2000, European journal of nutrition.

[78]  G. Reaven,et al.  Expression of the major isoenzyme of protein kinase-C in skeletal muscle, nPKC theta, varies with muscle type and in response to fructose-induced insulin resistance. , 1994, Endocrinology.

[79]  R. Bergman,et al.  Peripheral effects of insulin dominate suppression of fasting hepatic glucose production. , 1990, The American journal of physiology.

[80]  D. Befroy,et al.  Mechanism of Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* , 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[81]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  A high-sucrose diet alters the lipid composition and fluidity of liver sinusoidal membranes. , 1998, Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme.

[82]  D. V. Vander Jagt,et al.  Reduction of trioses by NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductases. Aldose reductase, methylglyoxal, and diabetic complications. , 1992, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[83]  O. Zelder,et al.  Depletion of Liver Adenosine Phosphates and Metabolic Effects of Intravenous Infusion of Fructose or Sorbitol in Man and in the Rat *, ** , 1973, European journal of clinical investigation.

[84]  A. Cherrington,et al.  Small amounts of fructose markedly augment net hepatic glucose uptake in the conscious dog. , 1998, Diabetes.

[85]  長田 良子.  Single nucleotide polymorphism (-468 G to A) at the promoter region of SREBP-1c associates with genetic defect of fructose-induced hepatic lipogenesis , 2004 .

[86]  E. Schaftingen,et al.  The regulatory protein of glucokinase. , 1997, Biochemical Society transactions.

[87]  B. Monia,et al.  Role of resistin in diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance. , 2004, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[88]  J. Romijn,et al.  The role of free fatty acids (FFA) in the regulation of intrahepatic fluxes of glucose and glycogen metabolism during short-term starvation in healthy volunteers. , 2001, Clinical nutrition.

[89]  K. Petersen,et al.  Stimulating effects of low-dose fructose on insulin-stimulated hepatic glycogen synthesis in humans. , 2001, Diabetes.

[90]  B. Szwergold,et al.  Metformin reduces systemic methylglyoxal levels in type 2 diabetes. , 1999, Diabetes.

[91]  Michael Karin,et al.  A central role for JNK in obesity and insulin resistance , 2002, Nature.

[92]  E. Jéquier,et al.  Effects of ingested fructose and infused glucagon on endogenous glucose production in obese NIDDM patients, obese non-diabetic subjects, and healthy subjects. , 1996 .

[93]  L. Tappy,et al.  New data and new concepts on the role of the liver in glucose homeostasis , 2001, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[94]  J. Waring,et al.  PTP1B antisense oligonucleotide lowers PTP1B protein, normalizes blood glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[95]  T. Jenssen,et al.  Failure of substrate-induced gluconeogenesis to increase overall glucose appearance in normal humans. Demonstration of hepatic autoregulation without a change in plasma glucose concentration. , 1990, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[96]  I. G. Fantus,et al.  Free fatty acid-induced hepatic insulin resistance: a potential role for protein kinase C-δ , 2002 .

[97]  R. Ulrich,et al.  Reduction of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B increases insulin-dependent signaling in ob/ob mice. , 2003, Diabetes.

[98]  Y. Kaneda,et al.  Normalizing mitochondrial superoxide production blocks three pathways of hyperglycaemic damage , 2000, Nature.

[99]  W. Willis,et al.  Diets enriched in sucrose or fat increase gluconeogenesis and G-6-Pase but not basal glucose production in rats. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[100]  C. Felgines,et al.  Age-Related Response to Dietary Fructose in the Rat: Discrepancy in Triglyceride and Apolipoprotein B Synthesis as a Possible Mechanism for Fatty Liver Induction in Adult Rats , 1993, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[101]  G. Leveille,et al.  The Age-Dependent Response of Serum Triglycerides to Dietary Fructose 1 , 1972, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[102]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Quantity of sucrose alters the tissue pattern and time course of insulin resistance in young rats. , 1995, The American journal of physiology.

[103]  S. Azhar,et al.  High dietary fructose induces a hepatic stress response resulting in cholesterol and lipid dysregulation. , 2004, Endocrinology.

[104]  M. Daly,et al.  Acute fuel selection in response to high-sucrose and high-starch meals in healthy men. , 2000, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[105]  F. Nuttall,et al.  The serum insulin and plasma glucose responses to milk and fruit products in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients , 1986, Diabetologia.

[106]  S. Ahuja,et al.  Effects of intravenously administered fructose and glucose on splanchnic amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism in hypertriglyceridemic men. , 1975, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[107]  M. Walker,et al.  Dietary carbohydrates and insulin sensitivity: a review of the evidence and clinical implications. , 1997, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[108]  M. Nelson,et al.  Does a high-sugar diet promote overweight in children and lead to nutrient deficiencies? , 1995 .

[109]  H. Maegawa,et al.  Amelioration of high fructose-induced metabolic derangements by activation of PPARalpha. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[110]  M. E. D'Alessandro,et al.  Duration of feeding on a sucrose-rich diet determines metabolic and morphological changes in rat adipocytes. , 2001, Journal of applied physiology.

[111]  E. Van Schaftingen,et al.  Short‐term control of glucokinase activity: role of a regulatory protein , 1994, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[112]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  An acute increase in fructose concentration increases hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA via mechanisms that are independent of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in rats. , 2004, The Journal of nutrition.

[113]  M. Hellerstein.  De novo lipogenesis in humans: metabolic and regulatory aspects , 1999, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

[114]  C. Sung,et al.  Elevated basal PI 3-kinase activity and reduced insulin signaling in sucrose-induced hepatic insulin resistance. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[115]  W. Thomas,et al.  Metabolic Effects of Dietary Sucrose in Type II Diabetic Subjects , 1993, Diabetes Care.

[116]  C. Abraira,et al.  Large variations of sucrose in constant carbohydrate diets in type II diabetes. , 1988, The American journal of medicine.

[117]  E. Ford,et al.  Increased consumption of refined carbohydrates and the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in the United States: an ecologic assessment. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[118]  M. Veiga-da-Cunha,et al.  Identification of Fructose 6-Phosphate- and Fructose 1-Phosphate-binding Residues in the Regulatory Protein of Glucokinase* , 2002, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[119]  M. Nishimura,et al.  Purification and Characterization of a Novel Xylulose 5-Phosphate-activated Protein Phosphatase Catalyzing Dephosphorylation of Fructose-6-phosphate,2-kinase:Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (*) , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[120]  T. Katada,et al.  Activation mechanism and physiological roles of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase in mammalian cells. , 2003, Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents.

[121]  E. Van Schaftingen,et al.  Fructose 1-phosphate and the regulation of glucokinase activity in isolated hepatocytes. , 1990, European journal of biochemistry.

[122]  A. Cherrington,et al.  Banting Lecture 1997. Control of glucose uptake and release by the liver in vivo. , 1999, Diabetes.

[123]  Y. Miyazaki,et al.  Alteration of muscle fiber composition linking to insulin resistance and hypertension in fructose-fed rats. , 1999, American journal of hypertension.

[124]  W. Willis,et al.  Increased pyruvate flux capacities account for diet-induced increases in gluconeogenesis in vitro. , 2001, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[125]  K. Miyata,et al.  Atorvastatin increases hepatic fatty acid beta-oxidation in sucrose-fed rats: comparison with an MTP inhibitor. , 2002, European journal of pharmacology.

[126]  E. Jéquier,et al.  Effects of fructose on hepatic glucose metabolism in humans. , 2000, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[127]  G. Reaven,et al.  Glycemic Effects of Carbohydrates: A Different Perspective , 1986, Diabetes Care.

[128]  E. Ravussin,et al.  The insulin-sensitizing role of the fat derived hormone adiponectin. , 2003, Current pharmaceutical design.

[129]  H. Fallon,et al.  The effect of high-carbohydrate diets on liver triglyceride formation in the rat. , 1973, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[130]  F. Nuttall,et al.  Peripheral glucose appearance rate following fructose ingestion in normal subjects. , 2000, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[131]  M. Adachi,et al.  Effects of fructose and glucose on plasma leptin, insulin, and insulin resistance in lean and VMH-lesioned obese rats. , 2000, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[132]  O. E. Michaelis,et al.  Serum insulin and glucose in hyperinsulinemic subjects fed three different levels of sucrose. , 1981, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[133]  L. Sestoft.  Regulation of fructose metabolism in the perfused rat liver. Interrelation with inorganic phosphate, glucose, ketone body and ethanol metabolism. , 1974, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[134]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Developmental stage modifies diet-induced peripheral insulin resistance in rats. , 2000, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[135]  J. Herrera,et al.  A potential role for fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in the stimulation of hepatic glucokinase gene expression. , 2004, Endocrinology.

[136]  M. Dunnigan,et al.  The effects of isocaloric exchange of dietary starch and sucrose on glucose tolerance, plasma insulin and serum lipids in man. , 1970, Clinical science.

[137]  M. Roden,et al.  Short-term leptin-dependent inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis is mediated by insulin receptor substrate-2. , 2002, Molecular endocrinology.

[138]  O. H. Lowry,et al.  Effect of fructose, dihydroxyacetone, glycerol, and glucose on metabolites and related compounds in liver and kidney. , 1970, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[139]  M. Tordoff,et al.  Effect of drinking soda sweetened with aspartame or high-fructose corn syrup on food intake and body weight. , 1990, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[140]  N. Keim,et al.  Fructose, weight gain, and the insulin resistance syndrome. , 2002, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[141]  T. Horton,et al.  Female rats do not develop sucrose-induced insulin resistance. , 1997, The American journal of physiology.

[142]  J. Phillips,et al.  Long-term maintenance of low concentrations of fructose for the study of hepatic glucose phosphorylation. , 1999, The Biochemical journal.

[143]  Paul J Thornalley,et al.  Formation of glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone in the glycation of proteins by glucose. , 1999, The Biochemical journal.

[144]  J. Casazza,et al.  The interdependence of glycolytic and pentose cycle intermediates in ad libitum fed rats. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[145]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Involvement of liver and skeletal muscle in sucrose-induced insulin resistance: dose-response studies. , 1994, The American journal of physiology.

[146]  N. Cook,et al.  Dietary glycemic load and risk of colorectal cancer in the Women's Health Study. , 2004, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[147]  B. Falkner,et al.  The Effect of Excess Dietary Sucrose on Growth, Blood Pressure, and Metabolism in Developing Sprague-Dawley Rats , 1994, Pediatric Research.

[148]  B. Levi,et al.  Fructose and related phosphate derivatives impose DNA damage and apoptosis in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. , 2003, The Journal of nutritional biochemistry.

[149]  G. Cooney,et al.  Mechanisms of Liver and Muscle Insulin Resistance Induced by Chronic High-Fat Feeding , 1997, Diabetes.

[150]  L. Agius,et al.  Evidence for glucose and sorbitol‐induced nuclear export of glucokinase regulatory protein in hepatocytes , 1999, FEBS letters.

[151]  J. Anderson,et al.  Effect of high glucose and high sucrose diets on glucose tolerance of normal men. , 1973, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[152]  F. Bontemps,et al.  Phosphorylation of glucose in isolated rat hepatocytes. Sigmoidal kinetics explained by the activity of glucokinase alone. , 1978, Biochemical Journal.

[153]  M. Pagliassotti,et al.  Comparison of the effects of sucrose and fructose on insulin action and glucose tolerance. , 2000, American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology.

[154]  P. Flakoll,et al.  Hepatic glucose disposition during concomitant portal glucose and amino acid infusions in the dog. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[155]  J. McGarry,et al.  The glucose paradox. Is glucose a substrate for liver metabolism? , 1984, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[156]  A. Koretsky,et al.  Phosphocreatine protects ATP from a fructose load in transgenic mouse liver expressing creatine kinase. , 1991, The American journal of physiology.

[157]  A. Favier,et al.  Vitamin E improves the free radical defense system potential and insulin sensitivity of rats fed high fructose diets. , 1997, The Journal of nutrition.

[158]  S. Commerford,et al.  Hyperglycemia compensates for diet-induced insulin resistance in liver and skeletal muscle of rats. , 2001, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[159]  K. Dutta,et al.  Cardiomyocyte dysfunction in sucrose-fed rats is associated with insulin resistance. , 2001, Diabetes.

[160]  J. Kehrer,et al.  Cellular reducing equivalents and oxidative stress. , 1994, Free radical biology & medicine.

[161]  I. Leclerc,et al.  The 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase inhibits the transcriptional stimulation by glucose in liver cells, acting through the glucose response complex , 1998, FEBS letters.

[162]  E. Kraegen,et al.  Fructose-induced in vivo insulin resistance and elevated plasma triglyceride levels in rats. , 1989, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[163]  G. Reaven,et al.  Mechanism of insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. , 1982, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[164]  G. Slama,et al.  A fructose-rich diet decreases insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation into lipids but not glucose transport in adipocytes of normal and diabetic rats. , 1995, The Journal of nutrition.

[165]  A. Astrup,et al.  Sucrose compared with artificial sweeteners: different effects on ad libitum food intake and body weight after 10 wk of supplementation in overweight subjects. , 2002, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[166]  S. Vasdev,et al.  Prevention of fructose-induced hypertension by dietary vitamins. , 2004, Clinical biochemistry.

[167]  M. Beylot,et al.  The contribution of naturally labelled 13C fructose to glucose appearance in humans , 1993, Diabetologia.

[168]  J. Lupien,et al.  Synergistic improvement of glucose tolerance by sucrose feeding and exercise training. , 1986, The American journal of physiology.

[169]  B. Salh,et al.  In vivo regulation of protein-serine kinases by insulin in skeletal muscle of fructose-hypertensive rats. , 1999, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[170]  R. Herman,et al.  Time response of jejunal sucrase and maltase activity to a high sucrose diet in normal man. , 1969, Gastroenterology.

[171]  S. Soskin.  THE LIVER AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM , 1940 .

[172]  N. Vaziri,et al.  Protective effects of estrogen on gender-specific development of diet-induced hypertension. , 2001, Journal of applied physiology.

[173]  J. White,et al.  Trends in fructose availability and consumption in the United States , 1991 .

[174]  D. Topping,et al.  The concentration of fructose, glucose and lactate in the splanchnic blood vessels of rats absorbing fructose. , 1971, Nutrition and metabolism.

[175]  R. Bergman,et al.  Free Fatty Acids and Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus , 2000, Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism.

[176]  P. Mayes,et al.  Intermediary metabolism of fructose. , 1993, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[177]  T. Claus,et al.  Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphate in Control of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis: From Metabolites to Molecular Genetics , 1990, Diabetes Care.

[178]  H. Maegawa,et al.  Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (–468 Gly to Ala) at the Promoter Region of Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1c Associates with Genetic Defect of Fructose-induced Hepatic Lipogenesis* , 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[179]  S. Colagiuri,et al.  Metabolic effects of adding sucrose and aspartame to the diet of subjects with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. , 1989, The American journal of clinical nutrition.