Principles for sustainability rating of investment funds

During the last decade, the idea of sustainable investments hit the market. Investors both private and institutional started to supplement financial considerations with social and ecological ones. Meanwhile the supply of mutual funds in the ‘green’ investment sector increased enormously. Currently in Europe about 300 mutual funds are available that are managed according to sustainability and social responsibility. Potential investors face the difficulty of keeping track of the various funds and choosing among them based on a reliable comparative assessment. This paper outlines the basic principles and methods on which such a comparative sustainability rating is based. The method was designed to be analogous to rating of the funds financially. The sustainability rating is based on assessment of the research processes in the fund management as well as investigation of the fund portfolio in terms of composition and sustainability performance. It should support investors in their investment choices by offering them a third party view. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

[1]  Tron Kleivane,et al.  Environmental Performance Evaluation , 1996 .

[2]  Theodor J. Stewart,et al.  Towards reconciling outranking and value measurement practice , 2003, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[3]  Thomas Dyllick,et al.  Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability , 2002 .

[4]  F. Birkin,et al.  Financial comparability and environmental diversity: an international context , 2002 .

[5]  Walter Klöpffer,et al.  Life cycle assessment , 1997, Environmental science and pollution research international.

[6]  Scott D. Johnson Identification and selection of environmental performance indicators: Application of the balanced scorecard approach , 1998 .

[7]  A. O’Rourke,et al.  The message and methods of ethical investment , 2003 .

[8]  Richard C. Morey,et al.  Mutual fund performance appraisals: a multi-horizon perspective with endogenous benchmarking , 1999 .

[9]  R. Helminen,et al.  Developing tangible measures for eco‐efficiency: the case of the Finnish and Swedish pulp and paper industry , 2000 .

[10]  Roger Frost,et al.  International Organization for Standardization (ISO) , 2004 .

[11]  E. Elton Modern portfolio theory and investment analysis , 1981 .

[12]  Walter Kahlenborn Transparency and the Green Investment Market , 1999 .

[13]  Frank Figge,et al.  Environmental shareholder value. Economic success with corporate environmental management , 2000 .

[14]  Maths Lundgren,et al.  The banks' impact on the natural environment – on the space between ‘what is’ and ‘what if’ , 2000 .

[15]  W. Cook,et al.  A multicriteria approach to mutual fund selection , 1993 .

[16]  Michael J. Lenox,et al.  Does It Really Pay to Be Green? An Empirical Study of Firm Environmental and Financial Performance: An Empirical Study of Firm Environmental and Financial Performance , 2001 .

[17]  R. Welford Hijacking Environmentalism: Corporate Responses to Sustainable Development , 1997 .

[18]  R. Kaplan,et al.  The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action , 1996 .

[19]  S. Schaltegger,et al.  The Sustainability Balanced Scorecard – linking sustainability management to business strategy , 2002 .

[20]  Marcel H. A. Jeucken Sustainable Finance and Banking: The Financial Sector and the Future of the Planet , 2001 .

[21]  A. Stuart,et al.  Portfolio Selection: Efficient Diversification of Investments , 1959 .

[22]  A. Zehnder,et al.  The Next Unseen Revolution Pension Fund Investment and Sustainability , 2001 .

[23]  E. Ziegel,et al.  The Balanced Scorecard , 1998 .

[24]  Jody Hoffer Gittell,et al.  Business performance measurement: When it should not work but does: Anomalies of high performance , 2002 .

[25]  Martin Weber,et al.  Generally accepted rating principles: A primer , 2001 .

[26]  John A. Haslem,et al.  Morningstar's Classification of Large-Cap Mutual Funds , 2001 .

[27]  P. Burger Embedded Case Study Methods: Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Knowledge , 2001 .

[28]  Roland W. Scholz,et al.  Embedded Case Study Methods , 2002 .

[29]  W. Edwards,et al.  Decision Analysis and Behavioral Research , 1986 .

[30]  Giuseppe Munda,et al.  Commensurability and Compensability in Ecological Economics , 1999 .

[31]  Mary Ann Curran,et al.  Environmental life-cycle assessment , 1996 .

[32]  Franklin R. Edwards,et al.  Hedge Fund Performance and Manager Skill , 2001 .

[33]  H. Markowitz Portfolio Selection: Efficient Diversification of Investments , 1971 .

[34]  J. E. Morhardt,et al.  Scoring corporate environmental and sustainability reports using GRI 2000, ISO 14031 and other criteria , 2002 .

[35]  Patrick Hofstetter,et al.  Perspectives in life cycle impact assessment , 1998 .

[36]  Peter A. Stanwick,et al.  The relationship between environmental disclosures and financial performance: an empirical study of US firms , 2000 .

[37]  W. Sharpe Asset allocation , 1992 .

[38]  Mike Bourne,et al.  Translating strategy into action , 1998 .

[39]  Martin J. Gruber,et al.  MODERN PORTFOLIO THEORY , 2003 .

[40]  D. Springett An ‘incitement to discourse’: benchmarking as a springboard to sustainable development , 2003 .

[41]  P. Cerin Characteristics of environmental reporters on the OM Stockholm exchange , 2002 .

[42]  世界環境経済人協議会,et al.  Financing Change: The Financial Community, Eco-efficiency, and Sustainable Development , 1996 .

[43]  Frans Berkhout,et al.  Corporate Environmental Performance Evaluation : Evidence from the MEPI Project , 2002 .

[44]  Virginia W. Gerde,et al.  Measuring environmental performance: use of the toxics release inventory (TRI) and other US environmental databases , 2001 .

[45]  E. Elton,et al.  Modern Portfolio Theory, 1950 to Date , 1997 .

[46]  Ralph L. Keeney,et al.  Value-Focused Thinking: A Path to Creative Decisionmaking , 1992 .

[47]  Edwin J. Elton,et al.  Improved Forecasting Through the Design of Homogeneous Groups , 1971 .

[48]  I. Knoepfel Dow Jones Sustainability Group Index: A Global Benchmark for Corporate Sustainability , 2001 .