A Perspective on Titanium Biocompatibility

The widespread and successful application of titanium (Ti) in medical implants is unquestionable. If, each year, Ti is used with good outcomes in hundreds of thousands of clinical implants, surely it must be biocompatible? This supposition will be examined in light of the definition of biocompatibility, ideas on the foreign body reaction and new developments in surface modification.

[1]  J W Eaton,et al.  Fibrin(ogen) mediates acute inflammatory responses to biomaterials , 1993, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[2]  C A Homsy,et al.  Bio-compatibility in selection of materials for implantation. , 1970, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[3]  C. Alpers,et al.  Osteopontin is elevated during neointima formation in rat arteries and is a novel component of human atherosclerotic plaques. , 1993, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[4]  V. Quaranta,et al.  Coating of titanium alloy with soluble laminin-5 promotes cell attachment and hemidesmosome assembly in gingival epithelial cells: potential application to dental implants. , 1997, Journal of periodontal research.

[5]  M. McKee,et al.  Osteopontin and the Bone Remodeling Sequence , 1995, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[6]  B. Saramago,et al.  Apatite deposition on titanium surfaces--the role of albumin adsorption. , 1997, Biomaterials.

[7]  J. Ellingsen.  Surface configurations of dental implants. , 1998, Periodontology 2000.

[8]  M. McKee,et al.  Chemical modification of titanium surfaces for covalent attachment of biological molecules. , 1998, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[9]  Buddy D. Ratner,et al.  Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine , 1996 .

[10]  D. Deheer,et al.  Adsorption of collagenase to particulate titanium: a possible mechanism for collagenase localization in periprosthetic tissue. , 1994, Journal of applied biomaterials : an official journal of the Society for Biomaterials.

[11]  G. W. Hastings,et al.  Book reviewDefinitions in Biomaterials: Progress in Biomedical Engineering 4, Editor: D.F. Williams. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1987, pp viii + 72, US $63.50 , 1989 .

[12]  R. C. Johnson,et al.  Neovascularization of synthetic membranes directed by membrane microarchitecture. , 1995, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[13]  J. Ellingsen.  Pre-treatment of titanium implants with fluoride improves their retention in bone , 1995 .

[14]  B D Ratner,et al.  New ideas in biomaterials science--a path to engineered biomaterials. , 1993, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[15]  B. Nilsson,et al.  Titanium Is a Highly Thrombogenic Biomaterial: Possible Implications for Osteogenesis , 1999, Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

[16]  John P. Bilezikian,et al.  Principles of Bone Biology , 1996 .

[17]  B. Kasemo,et al.  Structure of the interface between rabbit cortical bone and implants of gold, zirconium and titanium , 1997, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[18]  Tadashi Kokubo,et al.  Spontaneous Formation of Bonelike Apatite Layer on Chemically Treated Titanium Metals , 1996 .

[19]  A. Hoffman,et al.  Mice that lack the angiogenesis inhibitor, thrombospondin 2, mount an altered foreign body reaction characterized by increased vascularity. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[20]  S. Steinemann.  Titanium--the material of choice? , 1998, Periodontology 2000.

[21]  Anthony G. Gristina,et al.  Host Reactions to Biomaterials and Their Evaluation , 1996 .

[22]  P Descouts,et al.  Influence of surface treatments developed for oral implants on the physical and biological properties of titanium. (I) Surface characterization. , 1997, Clinical oral implants research.

[23]  D. Riches.  Macrophage Involvement in Wound Repair, Remodeling, and Fibrosis , 1988 .

[24]  G. Embery,et al.  Adsorption of glycosaminoglycans to commercially pure titanium. , 1992, Biomaterials.

[25]  B. Ratner,et al.  The engineering of biomaterials exhibiting recognition and specificity , 1996, Journal of molecular recognition : JMR.

[26]  K Nakanishi,et al.  The role of hydrated silica, titania, and alumina in inducing apatite on implants. , 1994, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[27]  I. Lundström,et al.  Adsorption of Fibrinogen on Titanium and Gold Surfaces Studied by ESCA and Ellipsometry , 1986 .

[28]  H Harasaki,et al.  Biomaterial-associated calcification: pathology, mechanisms, and strategies for prevention. , 1988, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[29]  H. Liao,et al.  Influence of titanium ion on mineral formation and properties of osteoid nodules in rat calvaria cultures. , 1999, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[30]  D Buser,et al.  Osseointegration: a reality. , 1998, Periodontology 2000.

[31]  F. White,et al.  Tissue reactions to titanium implants containing bovine bone morphogenetic protein: a scanning electron microscopic investigation. , 1994, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[32]  R. Bizios,et al.  Mini‐review: Proactive biomaterials and bone tissue engineering , 2000, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[33]  P. Thomsen,et al.  E-PTFE in rabbit knee-joints , 1994 .

[34]  Lawrence J. Fogel,et al.  Progress in Biomedical Engineering , 1967 .

[35]  D. Landolt,et al.  Variable length scale analysis of surface topography: characterization of titanium surfaces for biomedical applications , 1998 .

[36]  M. Sela,et al.  Mechanism of adsorption of human albumin to titanium in vitro. , 1997, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[37]  I Lundström,et al.  Serum complement deposition on platinum and titanium oxide surfaces measured by ellipsometry at liquid-solid interface. , 1987, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[38]  N. Clark,et al.  Transfer of Biologically Derived Nanometer-Scale Patterns to Smooth Substrates , 1992, Science.

[39]  D. Williams,et al.  The effects of proteins on metallic corrosion. , 1982, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[40]  N. Fausto,et al.  NF-κB Mediates αvβ3 Integrin-induced Endothelial Cell Survival , 1998, The Journal of cell biology.

[41]  Marcus Textor,et al.  Covalent Attachment of Cell-Adhesive, (Arg-Gly-Asp)-Containing Peptides to Titanium Surfaces , 1998 .