Multilinear image analysis for facial recognition

Natural images are the composite consequence of multiple factors related to scene structure, illumination, and imaging. For facial images, the factors include different facial geometries, expressions, head poses, and lighting conditions. We apply, multilinear algebra, the algebra of higher-order tensors, to obtain a parsimonious representation of facial image ensembles which separates these factors. Our representation, called TensorFaces, yields improved facial recognition rates relative to standard eigenfaces.

[1]  THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA , 1923 .

[2]  L. Tucker,et al.  Some mathematical notes on three-mode factor analysis , 1966, Psychometrika.

[3]  H. Neudecker,et al.  An approach ton-mode components analysis , 1986 .

[4]  L Sirovich,et al.  Low-dimensional procedure for the characterization of human faces. , 1987, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[5]  M. Turk,et al.  Eigenfaces for Recognition , 1991, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[6]  J. Magnus,et al.  Matrix Differential Calculus with Applications in Statistics and Econometrics , 1991 .

[7]  B A Wandell,et al.  Linear models of surface and illuminant spectra. , 1992, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[8]  Alex Pentland,et al.  View-based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition , 1994, 1994 Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[9]  Rama Chellappa,et al.  Human and machine recognition of faces: a survey , 1995, Proc. IEEE.

[10]  Joos Vandewalle,et al.  A Multilinear Singular Value Decomposition , 2000, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl..

[11]  Joshua B. Tenenbaum,et al.  Separating Style and Content with Bilinear Models , 2000, Neural Computation.

[12]  Joos Vandewalle,et al.  On the Best Rank-1 and Rank-(R1 , R2, ... , RN) Approximation of Higher-Order Tensors , 2000, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl..

[13]  Tamara G. Kolda,et al.  Orthogonal Tensor Decompositions , 2000, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl..

[14]  Demetri Terzopoulos,et al.  Multilinear Analysis of Image Ensembles: TensorFaces , 2002, ECCV.

[15]  M. Alex O. Vasilescu Human motion signatures: analysis, synthesis, recognition , 2002, Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots.

[16]  L. Lathauwer,et al.  On the Best Rank-1 and Rank-( , 2004 .