Fundamentals of Single-Carrier CDMA Technologies

A broad range of wireless services of e.g., 100Mbps-to-1Gbps are demanded for the beyond 3 rd generation (3G) wireless mobile communications systems. Wireless channels for such high-speed data transmissions are characterized by severely frequency-selective channel, which is caused by many interfering paths with different time delays. Promising wireless access technique that can overcome the channel frequency-selectivity and even improve the transmission performance is code division multiple access (CDMA). There are two approaches in CDMA: multi-carrier (MC)-CDMA and single-carrier (SC)-CDMA (direct-sequence CDMA or DS-CDMA is another popular terminology, but in this Chapter, the terminology “SC-CDMA” is used). Both MC- and SC-CDMA techniques have flexibility for providing variable rate transmissions, yet retaining multiple access capability. Their special case is orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and non-spread single carrier (SC) transmission, respectively. A lot of attention has been paid to MC-CDMA. However, it was recently shown that SC-CDMA can achieve a good performance comparable to MC-CDMA if proper frequency-domain equalization (FDE) is adopted. In this chapter, various techniques for improving SC-CDMA transmission performance are presented

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