The generic viewpoint assumption in a framework for visual perception

A VISUAL system makes assumptions in order to interpret visual data. The assumption of 'generic view'1–4 states that the observer is not in a special position relative to the scene. Researchers commonly use a binary decision of generic or accidental view to disqualify scene interpretations that assume accidental viewpoints5–10. Here we show how to use the generic view assumption, and others like it, to quantify the likelihood of a view, adding a new term to the probability of a given image interpretation. The resulting framework better models the visual world and reduces the reliance on other prior assumptions. It may lead to computer vision algorithms of greater power and accuracy, or to better models of human vision. We show applications to the problems of inferring shape, surface reflectance properties, and motion from images.