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23 The Mount Polley mine tailings embankment breach on August 4 th 2014, in British Columbia, 24 Canada, is the second largest mine waste spill on record. The mine operator responded swiftly by 25 removing significant quantities of tailings from the primary receiving watercourse, stabilizing the 26 river corridor and beginning construction of a new river channel. This presented a unique 27 opportunity to study spatial patterns of element cycling in a partially-restored and alkaline river 28 system. Overall, water quality impacts are considered low with Cu, and to a lesser extent V, being 29 the only elements of concern. However, the spatial pattern of stream Cu loading suggested 30 chemical (dominant at low flow) and physical (dominant at high flow)

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