Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Strategies and Challenges

The past few decades have brought in advances for the many maladies existent in the world. Still, the want of complete cure in several diseases remains unfulfilled because of complications related to the therapeutic substance and the diseased tissue/infectious agents. Undesirable physicochemical properties and the potential of exhibiting unwanted adverse effects limit many potential leads. Moreover, many diseased tissues/infectious agents have a tendency of being inaccessible to the “free” drug dosage. To overcome such hurdles novel strategies are undertaken to target the diseased tissues. The advantage of targeted drug delivery is to enhance the presence of the active therapeutic substance at specifically desired location in the body whilst minimizing nonspecific side effects. Approaches undertaken for targeted drug delivery are several including chemical modifications to the drug, prodrugs, use of surface-functionalized nanocarriers, etc. The task of selecting a targeted drug delivery approach is intricate and depends on the therapeutic substance, the disease as well as the specific location of the disease. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the challenges and the strategies employed in targeted drug delivery.

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