In-cylinder soot precursor growth in a low-temperature combustion diesel engine: Laser-induced fluorescence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

The growth of poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) soot precursors are observed using a two-laser technique combining laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of PAH with laser-induced incandescence (LII) of soot in a diesel engine under low-temperature combustion (LTC) conditions. The broad mixture distributions and slowed chemical kinetics of LTC “stretch out” soot-formation processes in both space and time, thereby facilitating their study. Imaging PAH–LIF from pulsed-laser excitation at three discrete wavelengths (266, 532, and 633 nm) reveals the temporal growth of PAH molecules, while soot-LII from a 1064-nm pulsed laser indicates inception to soot. The distribution of PAH–LIF also grows spatially within the combustion chamber before soot-LII is first detected. The PAH–LIF signals have broad spectra, much like LII, but typically with spectral profile that is inconsistent with laser-heated soot. Quantitative natural-emission spectroscopy also shows a broad emission spectrum, presumably from PAH chemiluminescence, temporally coinciding with of the PAH–LIF.