Fuzzy colored time Petri net and termination analysis for fuzzy Event-Condition-Action rules

Knowledge systems are characterized by being active, uncertain and adaptive in pervasive computing environments, and Fuzzy Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules can effectively describe these features of knowledge systems. To analyze the static structure and dynamic behavior of fuzzy ECA rules, a fuzzy colored time Petri net model (FCTPN) is proposed. The FCTPN is able to model the fuzzy ECA rules with characteristics such as fuzzy composite events, fuzzy composite conditions, event consumption modes and rule coupling modes. Based on the FCTPN, termination analysis of fuzzy ECA rules is examined, and an efficient termination analysis algorithm is proposed with consideration of all the characteristics of fuzzy ECA rules. Compared with existing termination analysis algorithms of ECA rules, the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy and lower time complexity, and thus it is more suitable for pervasive computing environments.

[1]  Kurt Jensen.  An Introduction to the Theoretical Aspects of Coloured Petri Nets , 1994 .

[2]  Klaus Reinhardt,et al.  Reachability in Petri Nets with Inhibitor Arcs , 2008, RP.

[3]  Roy H. Campbell,et al.  An ECA-P policy-based framework for managing ubiquitous computing environments , 2005, The Second Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Networking and Services.

[4]  Özgür Ulusoy,et al.  Dealing with Fuzziness in Active Mobile Database Systems , 1999, Inf. Sci..

[5]  Mark Weiser.  The computer for the 21st century , 1991 .

[6]  Mukesh Singhal,et al.  Trust Management in Distributed Systems , 2007, Computer.

[7]  Elena Baralis,et al.  Improving Rule Analysis by Means of Triggering and Activation Graphs , 1995, Rules in Database Systems.

[8]  Letizia Tanca,et al.  A structured approach for the definition of the semantics of active databases , 1995, TODS.

[9]  T. Bouaziz,et al.  Applying fuzzy events to approximate reasoning in active databases , 1997, Proceedings of 6th International Fuzzy Systems Conference.

[10]  Tharam S. Dillon,et al.  The Fuzzy and Dynamic Nature of Trust , 2005, TrustBus.

[11]  Tharam S. Dillon,et al.  Fuzzy nature of trust and dynamic trust modeling in service oriented environments , 2005, SWS '05.

[12]  Matthias Baldauf,et al.  A survey on context-aware systems , 2007, Int. J. Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput..

[13]  Peter Scheuermann,et al.  Active Database Systems , 2008, Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering.

[14]  Bin Hu,et al.  Fuzzy ECA Rules for Pervasive Decision-Centric Personalised Mobile Learning , 2010, Computational Intelligence for Technology Enhanced Learning.

[15]  Bill N. Schilit,et al.  Context-aware computing applications , 1994, Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications.

[16]  Adnan Yazici,et al.  A fuzzy Petri net model for intelligent databases , 2007, Data Knowl. Eng..

[17]  Suzanne W. Dietrich,et al.  Active Rule Termination Analysis: An Implementation and Evaluation of the Refined Triggering Graph Method , 1999, Journal of Intelligent Information Systems.

[18]  Jennifer Widom,et al.  Better Termination Analysis for Active Databases , 1993, Rules in Database Systems.

[19]  Lotfi A. Zadeh,et al.  Is there a need for fuzzy logic? , 2008, NAFIPS 2008 - 2008 Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society.

[20]  Eun-Sun Cho,et al.  An ECA rule-based task programming language for ubiquitous environments , 2006, 2006 8th International Conference Advanced Communication Technology.

[21]  Timothy W. Finin,et al.  Trust-Based Security in Pervasive Computing Environments , 2022 .

[22]  Xiaoou Li,et al.  ECA Rule Analysis in a Distributed Active Database , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development.

[23]  Jennifer Widom,et al.  Behavior of database production rules: termination, confluence, and observable determinism , 1992, SIGMOD '92.

[24]  Hafida Belbachir,et al.  The Priority of Rules and the Termination Analysis Using Petri Nets , 2007, Int. Arab J. Inf. Technol..

[25]  Tadao Murata,et al.  Petri nets: Properties, analysis and applications , 1989, Proc. IEEE.

[26]  Jennifer Widom,et al.  An algebraic approach to static analysis of active database rules , 2000, TODS.

[27]  Hélène Kirchner,et al.  Secure interoperation design in multi-domains environments based on colored Petri nets , 2013, Inf. Sci..

[28]  Vincent M. Stanford,et al.  NIST Information Technology Laboratory Pervasive Computing Initiative , 2000 .

[29]  Zhengping Wu,et al.  Application of Fuzzy Logic in Federated Trust Management for Pervasive Computing , 2006, 30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06).

[30]  Antonio Puliafito,et al.  From UML to Petri Nets: The PCM-Based Methodology , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering.

[31]  Danilo Montesi,et al.  Termination analysis in active databases , 1999, Proceedings. IDEAS'99. International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (Cat. No.PR00265).

[32]  Morteza Amini,et al.  Enhancing Role-Based Access Control Model through Fuzzy Relations , 2007, Third International Symposium on Information Assurance and Security.

[33]  Vincent M. Stanford,et al.  NIST Smart Space: pervasive computing initiative , 2000, Proceedings IEEE 9th International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WET ICE 2000).

[34]  M. Weiser.  The Computer for the Twenty-First Century , 1991 .

[35]  Jan Friso Groote,et al.  Operational semantics for Petri net components , 2007, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[36]  Carlo Zaniolo,et al.  On the Unification of Active Databases and Deductive databases , 1993, BNCOD.

[37]  Jean Jacques Loiseau,et al.  Constrained regulation of continuous Petri nets , 2009 .

[38]  Witold Pedrycz,et al.  Fuzzy timed Petri nets , 2003, Fuzzy Sets Syst..

[39]  Jennifer Widom,et al.  Static analysis techniques for predicting the behavior of active database rules , 1995, TODS.

[40]  B. C. Brookes,et al.  Information Sciences , 2020, Cognitive Skills You Need for the 21st Century.

[41]  Alessandro Giua,et al.  A Survey of Petri Net Methods for Controlled Discrete Event Systems , 1997, Discret. Event Dyn. Syst..

[42]  Daniel P. Siewiorek,et al.  Toward Context-Aware Computing: Experiences and Lessons , 2001, IEEE Intell. Syst..

[43]  Shengyi Jiang,et al.  Some information measures for interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets , 2010, Inf. Sci..

[44]  Friedemann Mattern,et al.  Pervasive/Ubiquitous Computing , 2001, Informatik-Spektrum.

[45]  Vilém Vychodil,et al.  Confluence and termination of fuzzy relations , 2010, Inf. Sci..

[46]  L. Baba-Hamed.  Rules Termination Analysis Based on Petri Nets: Implementation Issues , 2006, 2006 2nd International Conference on Information & Communication Technologies.